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Molecular characterization and recombination analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus emerged in southwestern China during 2012–2016

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Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an important swine pathogen causing tremendous economic losses to the swine industry. To investigate the prevalence of PRRSV of genotype 2 (North American type, NA-type) in southwestern China, the Nsp2 hypervariable region (Nsp2 HV) and ORF5 of 61 PRRS viruses collected during 2012–2016 were sequenced and analyzed. All the virus detected clustered into the JXA1-like (52/61), VR-2332-like (7/61), and NADC30-like (2/61) sub-genotypes. Five deletions in Nsp2 HV were detected in addition to the typical 30aa discontinuous deletion in HP-PRRSV, and two of these five were not reported previously. Strikingly, two PRRS virus (SCnj16 and SCcd16) isolated in 2016 contained the classic HP-PRRSV molecular marker in the Nsp2-coding region, but belonged to the NADC30-like sub-genotype on the ORF5 gene. Further recombination and phylogenetic analysis on the two complete genomic sequences revealed that they may have originated from recombination events between the NADC30 and Chinese HP-PRRSV strains. The present study suggests that the endemic PRRSVs in the region have continuously evolved and new vaccine strategies are necessary for more efficient control of the virus.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported financially by the Program of Main Livestock Standardized Breeding Technology Research and Demonstration (Grant No. 2016NYZ0052), Science and Technology Support Program of Sichuan Province, China (No. 2013NZ0056), Science and Technology Support Program of Sichuan Province, China (No. 2016NZ0006), and the Fund of Sichuan Provincial Basic Scientific Research (No. 2016YSKY0144).

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Author notes

  1. Long Zhou and Runmin Kang contributed equally to the research.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China

    Long Zhou, Runmin Kang, Gaosheng Ji, Yiming Tian, Mengyun Ge, Xin Yang & Hongning Wang

  2. Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China

    Runmin Kang

  3. Animal Healthy Disease Service, Chengdu Chia Tai Agro-Industry & Food Co., Ltd, Gongping Town, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China

    Bo Xie

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  1. Long Zhou
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Contributions

LZ and HW conceived and designed the study. LZ, RK, GJ, and MG performed the experiments. LZ, YT, BX, and XY analyzed the data. LZ and FZ wrote the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the submitted manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hongning Wang.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The animal experiments in this study were carried out in Laboratory Animal Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University under the approval and supervision of IACUC/AEC. 4- to 6-week-old piglets were obtained from Sichuan Animal Science Academy. Animals were fed and treated in accordance with the Guidelines of Animal Management of Sichuan University.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Additional information

Edited by Zhen F. Fu.

Availability of data and materials

Sequences were submitted to GenBank database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) under accession numbers KT030925 to KT030997, KY619993 to KY620034, MF196905 and MF196906.

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Zhou, L., Kang, R., Ji, G. et al. Molecular characterization and recombination analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus emerged in southwestern China during 2012–2016. Virus Genes 54, 98–110 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-017-1519-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-017-1519-y

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