Abstract
Parvoviruses are among the major animal pathogens that can cause considerable health disorders ranging from subclinical to lethal in domestic and wild animals. Golden jackal (Canis aureus), an expanding European species, is a reservoir of many pathogens, including vector-borne diseases and zoonoses. Given the importance of parvovirus infections in dogs and cats, this study aimed to unfold the virus prevalence and molecular characterisation in the golden jackal population in Serbia. The spleen samples from 68 hunted jackals during 2022/2023 were tested for the VP2-specific genome region of Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1 by PCR. BLAST analysis of partial VP2 sequences obtained from three animals (4.4%) revealed the highest similarity to Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1, genogroup Feline panleukopenia virus, which is the second report on FPV infection in jackals. Based on specific amino acid residues within partial VP2, the jackals’ Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1 was also classified as FPV. One jackal’s strain showed two synonymous mutations at positions 699 and 1167. Although species cross-transmission could not be established, jackals’ health should be maintained by preventing the transmission of viruses to native species and vice versa. Although jackals are considered pests, their role as natural cleaners is of greater importance. Therefore, further monitoring of their health is needed to understand the influence of infectious diseases on population dynamics and to determine the relationship between domestic predators and jackals and the direction of cross-species transmission.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank the hunting associations of Veliko Gradište and Zemun for their kind contribution of legally harvested golden jackal individuals and tissue samples.
Funding
The study was funded by the Serbian Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation (Contract 451-03-47/2023-01/200030). The sequences have been generated through the Sequencing Service of the Animal Production and Health Sub-Programme of the Joint FAO/IAEA Centre in Vienna, Austria.
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Vesna Milićević conceived the idea coordinated the work and drafted the manuscript. Dimitrije Glišić and Ljubiša Veljović carried out the molecular tests. Ana Vasić aided in interpreting the results and worked on the manuscript. Bojan Milovanović and Branislav Kureljušić performed pathological examinations. Milan Paunović organized the sample and data collection and interpreted the results. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Samples used in this study were obtained from golden jackal individuals legally harvested by hunters, or road-killed, and collected under the permit of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Serbia number 353-01-667/2022-04 (tissue samples) and 353-01-668/2022-04 (complete specimens). No animal was killed for the purpose of this study.
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Milićević, V., Glišić, D., Veljović, L. et al. Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1 infection of golden jackals Canis aureus in Serbia. Vet Res Commun 48, 1203–1209 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-023-10249-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-023-10249-0