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Felling the giants: integral projection models indicate adult management to control an exotic invasive palm

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Abstract

Population models are helpful for understanding demographic trends in invasive plants and crucial in defining effective management actions. Here, we assessed the dynamics of three populations of the invasive palm Roystonea oleracea on an island in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. We aimed to verify variations in the life cycle parameters (survival, growth, fecundity) of individuals; to evaluate population growth rates (λ); and to understand which vital rates most impact λ. In 2015, we established plots (40 × 40 m) in areas occupied by R. oleraceae and tagged (numbered aluminum tags) and measured the diameter at ground level (DGL) of all palms in the plots. We conducted an annual census in each population in 2016, 2017, and 2018 where all palms were relocated and measured again. We used Integral Projection Models to verify differences in life cycle parameters and to calculate λ, and prospective analyses of elasticity to verify the contribution of each vital rates on λ. Palms with smaller DGL (< 10 mm) had lower rates of survival or remained in stasis, while palms with larger DGL (> 10 mm) had higher survival rates, increased in size, or reproduced. The λ values were different between populations: Population 1 was decreasing, Population 2 was increasing, and Population 3 was stable. Survival and growth of palms with larger diameters were the vital rates that most impacted λ. Management strategies to eliminate palms with DGL > 400 mm are essential to reduce the λ of the species and to control their spread to new locations.

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Aknowledgements

This study was financed in part by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES)—Financing code 001, FAPERJ (CNE-26/202.757/2017), CNPq (307781/2014-3) and by Prociência/UERJ. We are grateful to the Center of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development (Centro de Estudos Ambientais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável—CEADS) and to the Rio de Janeiro State Institute of Environment (Instituto Estadual do Meio Ambiente do Rio de Janeiro—INEA) for logistical support. We thank all the people who contributed to this study, especially Gabriel Silva Santos and Eduardo Teles Barbosa Mendes for the crucial support in R software, Vânia Gomes Soares for helping with data collection in the field, Dr. Silvia Ziller and the two anonymous reviewers who gave an important improvement to the manuscript.

Funding

Funding was provided by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Grant No. 001), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Grant No. CNE-26/202.757/2017), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Grant No. 307781/2014-3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, PHLC 220, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 20559-900, Brazil

    Rodrigo Zucaratto & Helena Godoy Bergallo

  2. Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Florestas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Rodovia BR 465 - km 7, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    Alexandra Santos Pires

  3. Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Caixa Postal 68020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 21941-590, Brazil

    Rita de Cássia Quitete Portela

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  1. Rodrigo Zucaratto
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  2. Alexandra Santos Pires
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  3. Helena Godoy Bergallo
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  4. Rita de Cássia Quitete Portela
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Correspondence to Rodrigo Zucaratto.

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Zucaratto, R., Santos Pires, A., Godoy Bergallo, H. et al. Felling the giants: integral projection models indicate adult management to control an exotic invasive palm. Plant Ecol 222, 93–105 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-020-01090-5

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