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Effects of Klotho protein, vitamin D, and oxidative stress parameters on urinary stone formation and recurrence

  • Urology - Original Paper
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Abstract

Purpose

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of α-Klotho and oxidative stress markers on urinary stone disease (USD) and demonstrate their use as biochemical markers in USD.

Methods

Among the 90 individuals included, 30 individuals were healthy controls (Group 1), 30 individuals presented with USD for the first time (Group 2), and 30 individuals demonstrated recurrent USD (Group 3). Serum levels of α-Klotho, vitamin D, malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status, and total antioxidant status were determined using spectrophotometry analysis. Serum calcium and parathormone levels and 24-h urine calcium levels were measured via biochemical analysis.

Results

No significant intergroup difference was noted in terms of age and sex. The groups had significant differences regarding α-Klotho, oxidative stress index (OSI), MDA, and 24-h urine calcium levels. α-Klotho was a determinant of 24-h urine calcium level and OSI. An increase of 1 pg/mL in α-Klotho level appeared to result in a decrease of 8.55 mg in 24-h urine calcium level and a decrease of 0.04 Arbitrary Unit in OSI. In patients experiencing USD for the first time, α-Klotho values were < 21.83 pg/mL and showed 66% sensitivity and 64% specificity. In individuals with recurrent stone formation, α-Klotho values below 19.41 pg/mL had 60% sensitivity and 77% specificity.

Conclusions

The biochemical markers investigated herein, i.e., α-Klotho, OSI, and MDA, were involved in the pathogenesis of stone formation and can be used in day-to-day clinical practices of urology clinics to identify patients at risk for both first time and recurrent USD.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available due to reasons of sensitivity and are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Data are located in our controlled access clinical archive at Department of Urology, Yozgat Bozok University.

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Acknowledgements

No funding was received for conducting this study. This article was produced from Emin Gürtan’s thesis (No. 751731).

Funding

No funding was received for conducting this study. This article was produced from Emin Gürtan’s thesis numbered 751731.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Bayburt State Hospital, Tuzcuzade District Barbaros Street Number: 11, Center/Bayburt, Bayburt, 69000, Turkey

    Emin Gürtan

  2. Department of Urology, Yozgat Bozok University, Research and Application Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey

    Levent Işıkay, Emre Güdük, Sercan Sarı, Volkan Selmi & Mehmet Caniklioğlu

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Yozgat Bozok University, Research and Application Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey

    Ayşe Yeşim Göçmen

  4. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey

    Özcan Kılıç

Authors
  1. Emin Gürtan
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  2. Levent Işıkay
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  4. Emre Güdük
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  7. Mehmet Caniklioğlu
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Emin Gürtan, Levent Işıkay; data curation: Mehmet Caniklioğlu; formal analysis: Özcan Kılıç; investigation: Emin Gürtan, Ayşe Yeşim Göçmen; methodology: Emin Gürtan; project administration: Levent Işıkay; resources: Ayşe Yeşim Göçmen; software: Volkan Selmi; supervision: Emin Gürtan, Özcan Kılıç; validation: Sercan Sarı; visualization: Emre Güdük; writing—original draft: Emin Gürtan; writing—review and editing: Emin Gürtan, Özcan Kılıç.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emin Gürtan.

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The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethics committee approval with protocol code 2017-KAEK-189_2021.06.18_03 is available for the study.

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All participants were > 18 years and freely given informed consent was obtained for this study from all the participants.

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Gürtan, E., Işıkay, L., Göçmen, A.Y. et al. Effects of Klotho protein, vitamin D, and oxidative stress parameters on urinary stone formation and recurrence. Int Urol Nephrol 56, 1595–1603 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-023-03929-y

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