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Thyroid hormone dynamics of Tharparkar and Sahiwal cattle during induced heat stress

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Abstract

Thyroid hormones and Cortisol level are the essential biomarkers in the assessment of stress condition. This study was done to estimate the metabolic hormonal profile of Tharparkar and Sahiwal during heat stress condition. The experiment was conducted on two groups consisting of Tharparkar and Sahiwal animals (5 in each group) and the experimental period comprised a 7-day acclimatization period, a heat exposure period of 21 days at control (25 °C), moderate (35 °C) and severe (42 °C) heat stress within a 9–10-day recovery period between each exposure. The hormonal concentrations of T3, T4 and cortisol were determined in serum. The serum concentration of Thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3) decreases whereas cortisol level increases in both the breeds when subjected to heat stress. However, the serum level of T4 was significantly (p < 0.05) more declined in Sahiwal as compared to Tharparkar but there was no significant difference found between the two breeds in serum T3 levels. The cortisol levels were elevated in both breeds during heat stress but significantly (p < 0.05) more elevated in the Sahiwal. Hence, observations of these hormonal profiles suggest a better thermo-adaptability in Tharparkar as compared to Sahiwal.

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Data availability

The data will be made available and would be shared on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

T3 :

Tri-iodothyronine

T4 :

Thyroxine

THI:

Temperature Humidity Index

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Acknowledgements

We thank and gratefully acknowledged the support and funding received from the National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) and Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).

Funding

The funds were provided under NICRA project; award number: F.No.- BUD/REL/NICRA/2013–14 | Recipient: Gyanendra Singh, Ph. D.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India

    Anjali, Gururaj VK, Lipika Sarma, M. Tripathi, Med Ram Verma, Vinay Verma, M. C. Pathak, H. A. Samad, V. P. Maurya, V. S. Chouhan & Gyanendra Singh

Authors
  1. Anjali
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  2. Gururaj VK
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  3. Lipika Sarma
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  4. M. Tripathi
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  5. Med Ram Verma
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  6. Vinay Verma
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  7. M. C. Pathak
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  8. H. A. Samad
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  9. V. P. Maurya
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  10. V. S. Chouhan
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  11. Gyanendra Singh
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Contributions

Gyanendra Singh conceived and designed the study. V.P. Maurya and V.S. Chouhan provided resources. Anjali, M. C. Pathak and V. Verma collected the samples and performed the experiments. H.A. Samad and Med Ram Verma analysed the data. Anjali written the original draft. M. Tripathi, Lipika and Gururaj reviewed and edited the original draft. All authors discussed the results, edited the manuscript and approved the final version of the manuscript for publication.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gyanendra Singh.

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All the animal experiments had prior approval from the animal ethics committee of the Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, UP, India.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Anjali, VK, G., Sarma, L. et al. Thyroid hormone dynamics of Tharparkar and Sahiwal cattle during induced heat stress. Trop Anim Health Prod 55, 57 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03477-8

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