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Estimation of genetic parameters and inbreeding depression in Piau pig breed

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Abstract

This study is aimed at estimating genetic parameters, effective population size, inbreeding, and inbreeding depression for birth weight, weaning weight, and average pre-weaning daily weight gain (ADG) in Piau pigs. We used information from 3841 Piau pigs, and four linear models were fitted in single-trait analyses, including or excluding maternal genetic effect, common litter effect, or a combination. The adjustments of the models were compared using the likelihood ratio test, in which the model that presented the best fit for each trait was used to estimate the (co)variance components. The inbreeding depression effect was evaluated using a linear model that included the fixed effects of sex, parity order, contemporary group, and inbreeding coefficient as a fixed covariate. The weights at birth and weaning showed low direct heritabilities (0.08 and 0.05, respectively), while the ADG showed moderate heritability (0.20). The weight at birth showed high genetic correlations with the weight at weaning (0.90) and the ADG (0.82). The weight at weaning and the ADG also showed a high genetic correlation (0.99). There was an inbreeding increase over the generations and a reduction in the effective population size. In the last generation evaluated, all the animals were inbred, the average inbreeding coefficient was 0.07, and the effective population size was 20.8. A significant inbreeding effect on ADG was observed, where an increase of 1% in the inbreeding coefficient resulted in a decrease of 0.005 g in the ADG. Thus, increasing effective population size is mandatory for controlling inbreeding and reducing the loss of variability in this Piau pig population.

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Fig. 1

Data availability

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Funding

We gratefully thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) for providing funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Letícia Fernanda de Oliveira, Paulo Sávio Lopes, Layla Cristien Cássia Miranda Dias, Leandro Magno Dornelas e Silva, Hugo Teixeira Silva, Simone Eliza Facioni Guimarães, Daniele Botelho Diniz Marques, Delvan Alves da Silva & Renata Veroneze

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  1. Letícia Fernanda de Oliveira
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  2. Paulo Sávio Lopes
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  3. Layla Cristien Cássia Miranda Dias
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  7. Daniele Botelho Diniz Marques
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  8. Delvan Alves da Silva
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  9. Renata Veroneze
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Contributions

LFO and RV conceived and designed the research. LFO conducted the analysis. HTS and DBDM contributed to understanding and discussing the results. LFO wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Letícia Fernanda de Oliveira.

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The approval of the animal care and use committee was not needed because this research used existing datasets.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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de Oliveira, L.F., Lopes, P.S., Dias, L.C.C.M. et al. Estimation of genetic parameters and inbreeding depression in Piau pig breed. Trop Anim Health Prod 55, 14 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03428-9

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