Abstract
In this study, the in vitro apparent rumen degradability of organic matter (ARDOM) and plant secondary metabolites (ARDPSM) of three tropical legumes (Mucuna pruriens, Canavalia ensiformis, and Leucaena leucocephala) were assessed. For this, 3 experiments were set up, i.e., single end-point incubations (24 h) with ruminal inoculum from either Belgian or Cuban sheep, as well as kinetic assessments (0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h, 12 h, and 24 h) inoculum from Belgian sheep. L-mimosine, L-canavanine, Concanavalin A (Con A), and trypsin inhibitor (TI) were the plant secondary metabolites (PSM) targeted in this study. In all three experiments, both beans, as well as forage/bean meals of M. pruriens and C. ensiformis and their PSM, were extensively degraded during 24 h incubation, irrespective of the inoculum source (0.44 to 0.70 and 0.43 to 0.78 g/g of organic matter (OM) for ARDOM, respectively, and > 0.80 g/g for L-canavanine, > 0.76 TIU/TIU for TI, and > 0.95 g/g for Con A, for both legumes). Forage meal of L. leucocephala was considerably less degraded, with apparent ruminal degradabilities of 0.20 g/g OM and 0.35 g/g OM after 24 h incubation with Belgian or Cuban sheep inoculum, respectively. This could – at least partially – be related to L-mimosine, present in L. leucocephala, which was hardly degraded in the Belgian incubation, while a more extensive ruminal breakdown was observed under the Cuban conditions (0.05 g/g PSM vs. 0.78 g/g PSM, respectively). The negative effect of L-mimosine on OM degradability was supported in an additional in vitro experiment with straw and inoculum from Belgian sheep, as ruminal degradation of straw was 31% lower when pure L-mimosine was supplemented.
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Abbreviations
- ADFom:
-
Acid detergent fiber expressed exclusive of residual ash
- ARDOM:
-
Apparent in vitro rumen degradability of organic matter
- ARDSPM:
-
Apparent rumen degradability of plant secondary metabolites
- Con A:
-
Concanavaline A
- DM:
-
Dry matter
- ha:
-
Hectare
- ME:
-
Metabolizable energy
- NDFom:
-
Neutral detergent fiber not assayed with a heat stable amylase and expressed exclusive of residual ash
- NPAA:
-
Non-protein amino acids
- OM:
-
Organic matter
- CP:
-
Crude protein
- PCA:
-
Proximate chemical analysis
- PSM:
-
Plant secondary metabolites
- SCFA:
-
Short-chain fatty acids
- TI:
-
Trypsin inhibitor
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the special research fund for developing countries (BOF scholarship: BOF.DCV.2014.0009.01) of Ghent University, Belgium, and Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas (UCLV), Cuba (Project No. 10042), and National Program of Basic Sciences (Project No: P223LH001-025), and the VLIR-UOS partner program (ZEIN2015RIP29) for Institutional University Cooperation between UCLV, Cuba, and Flemish universities. Special acknowledgments to the staff of the Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality of Ghent University and the Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and the Clinical Laboratory at Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias (UCLV), Cuba, for the technical assistance during this research.
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Conceptualization, methodology, and supervision: V. F., R. L-O., and E. A-O.; formal analysis: E. A-O.; investigation: E. A-O., P.Y. F-R., R. L-O., and B. R-B.; writing – original draft: E. A-O.; writing – review and editing: V. F., R. L-O.; project administration and funding acquisition: V. F., R. L-O.
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Artiles-Ortega, E., de la Fé – Rodríguez, P.Y., Reguera-Barreto, B. et al. In vitro rumen degradability of tropical legumes and their secondary metabolites depends on inoculum source. Trop Anim Health Prod 54, 330 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03327-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03327-z