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Effect of Nickel Acetyl Acetonate as Lubricant Additive in Base Oils with Different Molecular Structure on In-Situ Formation and Tribomechanism of Carbon-Based Tribofilms of Steel-Steel Sliding Pair

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Abstract

Nickel acetyl acetonate (Ni(acac)2), a metal-organic compound, was directly dispersed in base oils alkylated naphthalene (AN-5), diisooctyl sebacate (DIOS), poly-α-olefin (PAO6), and mineral oil (liquid hydrocarbon mixtures:150 N) in the presence of commercial dispersant RF1151 (monoallyl poly(isobutylene succinimide). The tribological properties of the lubricants were tested with a four-ball friction and wear tester. The friction-induced in-situ formation of carbon films on rubbed steel surfaces under the catalysis of Ni(acac)2 was investigated, and the as-formed carbon films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that Ni(acac)2 added in the base oils can decompose to form metallic nickel to form nickel layer on the rubbed metal sub-surfaces and catalyze the degradation of the base oil molecules adsorbed to form carbon-based tribofilms. The carbon film formed from AN-5 with aromatic ring structure has a high degree of graphitization and the best friction-reducing and antiwear abilities, and those formed from PAO6 and 150 N with linear structure have a low degree of graphitization as well as good tribological properties. Under the lubrication of DIOS with Ni(acac)2, however, there is no carbon film formation while the tribological properties of the lubricant are relatively poor, due to the absence of the catalytic metallic nickel and nickel oxide layer on the rubbed metal sub-surface. Thanks to the catalytic effect of metallic nickel released from Ni(acac)2 for the degradation of various base oils with different molecular structure, the present approach could provide a rational pathway to tune the in-situ formation of carbon-based tribofilm on rubbed steel surfaces so as to effectively reduce the friction and wear of steel-steel sliding pair.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author (S.Z.) upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support provided by National key research development plan, grant number 2023YFB3812104, National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant numbers, 52305189 and 52105180, Henan Province key research and development project, grant number 231111230600, Henan Province science and technology research and development joint project, grant number 235101610007, and Program of National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Grant No. 202305.

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  1. Institute of Nanoscience and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China

    Feng Peng, Shuguang Fan, Ningning Song, Chuanping Gao, Shengmao Zhang & Yujuan Zhang

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  2. Shuguang Fan
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Writing—Original draft: F.P.; Data curation: F.P., S.F., N.S., C.G., Y.Z.; Writing—Review & editing: S.Z. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shengmao Zhang or Yujuan Zhang.

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Peng, F., Fan, S., Song, N. et al. Effect of Nickel Acetyl Acetonate as Lubricant Additive in Base Oils with Different Molecular Structure on In-Situ Formation and Tribomechanism of Carbon-Based Tribofilms of Steel-Steel Sliding Pair. Tribol Lett 72, 56 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-024-01859-z

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