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Pyrazole-based trinuclear and mononuclear complexes: synthesis, characterization, DNA interactions and cytotoxicity studies

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Abstract

A new trinuclear Cu(II) complex [Cu3(μ3-OH)(μ-pz)3(Hpz)2(HCOO)(BTAO)Cl] (1) (Hpz = pyrazole, BTAO = 4,6-bis(dimethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one) and four mononuclear complexes [M(Hpz)4Cl2] [M2+ = Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+] (2–5) have been synthesized and characterized. Electronic absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra and circular dichroism spectra were carried out to investigate the interactions between complexes 1–5 and CT-DNA. These complexes exhibited different binding affinity with DNA, and the order of DNA binding strength was 1 > 2 > 4 > 3 > 5. Most of these complexes could cleave pBR322 DNA efficiently in the presence of H2O2 as an activator, and the cleavage efficacy of these complexes was quite consistent with their DNA binding abilities. Furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxicity studies of complexes 1–5 were measured by MTT assay. The trinuclear Cu(II) complex 1 showed cytotoxicity against human lung carcinoma cell lines A549 (IC50 = 24.314 ± 1.386 µM) and human esophageal carcinoma cell line EC109 (IC50 = 27.335 ± 1.437 µM), while the mononuclear complexes 2–5 did not show apparent cytotoxicity to the tested cell lines (IC50 > 50 μM). The different cytotoxicity of these complexes may also be relevant to their reactivity toward DNA.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant 2020JJ4684).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China

    Xia Liu, Yanmei Nie, Qing Tang, Anni Tian, Zhouping Hu, Jun Yan & Shouchun Zhang

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  1. Xia Liu
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  2. Yanmei Nie
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  3. Qing Tang
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  4. Anni Tian
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  5. Zhouping Hu
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  6. Jun Yan
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Correspondence to Shouchun Zhang.

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Liu, X., Nie, Y., Tang, Q. et al. Pyrazole-based trinuclear and mononuclear complexes: synthesis, characterization, DNA interactions and cytotoxicity studies. Transit Met Chem 46, 481–494 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11243-021-00466-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11243-021-00466-4

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