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Cytotoxicity, antioxidant and glutathione S-transferase inhibitory activity of palladium(II) chloride complexes bearing nucleobase ligands

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Abstract

Palladium(II) chloride complexes bearing the nucleobases, adenine, cytosine and guanine, have been synthesized and characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometric methods, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity, elemental analysis, FTIR and 1H-NMR. The complexes were found to have the general composition PdCl2(NH3L) (where L = adenine, cytosine or guanine). Square-planar geometry is proposed for these Pd(II) complexes based on magnetic evidence and electronic spectra. The complexes as well as the free nucleobase ligands show varying degrees of cytotoxicity on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) and human histiocytic leukemia (U937) cell lines, with cis-[PdCl2(NH3)(Gua)] showing IC50 values of 48.03 ± 9.67 and 11.12 ± 3.42 µM against HL60 and U937, respectively. The complexes as well as the ligands did not show anti-proliferative activity against a normal human cell line (NB1RGB). The complexes also show significant antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical as well as glutathione S-transferase inhibitory activity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the Government of Ghana for financial support and the Chemistry Department of the University of Johannesburg for 1H-NMR determination. We also appreciate the technical support of staff of the Chemistry Department, University of Cape Coast as well as the Clinical Pathology Department of the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, where antioxidant, cytotoxicity and glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibition tests were carried out.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana

    Samuel Tetteh & David. K. Dodoo

  2. Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana

    Regina Appiah-Opong & Isaac Tuffour

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  1. Samuel Tetteh
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  2. David. K. Dodoo
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  3. Regina Appiah-Opong
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  4. Isaac Tuffour
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Correspondence to Samuel Tetteh.

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Tetteh, S., Dodoo, D.K., Appiah-Opong, R. et al. Cytotoxicity, antioxidant and glutathione S-transferase inhibitory activity of palladium(II) chloride complexes bearing nucleobase ligands. Transition Met Chem 39, 667–674 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11243-014-9848-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11243-014-9848-3

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