Abstract
Leaf abscission of Cyclocarya paliurus stem segments is extremely serious in vitro and seriously hinders the rapid propagation process of C. paliurus. To explore the physiological and biochemical responses of leaf abscission of C. paliurus stem segments in vitro, the emerged leaves of C. paliurus stem segments were cultured for 22 days (T0) in vitro; leaves germinated for 27 days (T1) and leaves exfoliated for ≥ 32 days (T2) were used as materials, and the phenotype and changes in abscission zone (AZ) cell tissue morphology of the leaf abscission process were observed; moreover, the contents of photosynthetic metabolites, H2O2 levels, anti-reverse enzyme and cell wall modification enzyme activities and lignin contents were determined. With the development of C. paliurus leaves, the volume of AZ cells gradually increased; subsequently, the intercellular space of AZ cells and vascular cells was degraded, and the cell walls ruptured, which resulted in leaf abscission. During the process of leaf abscission, the contents of soluble sugar and chlorophyll a/b first increased and then decreased, but there was no significant difference in soluble sugar content between T2 and T1; the contents of carotenoid, soluble proteins, H2O2 and lignin and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), pectinase and cellulase increased gradually, but catalase (CAT) activity gradually decreased; in addition, the peroxidase (POD) activity decreased sharply and then increased sharply. Correlation analysis showed that the chlorophyll content was significantly positively correlated with soluble sugar content; the contents of soluble protein, H2O2, and lignin, the activities of SOD, pectinase, and cellulase were extremely significantly positively correlated with each other, and they were extremely significantly negatively correlated with CAT activity. Therefore, the cell wall rupture of AZ cells and vascular tissue was the cytological basis of leaf abscission in C. paliurus, and its leaf abscission was not related to the accumulation of energy substances. The leaf may be subject to some stress, stimulate anti-reverse enzyme reactions, promote the accumulation of H2O2 in leaves, enhance pectinase and cellulase activities, and accelerate the degradation of the cell walls with AZ cells and vascular tissues, which results in leaf abscission in C. paliurus.
Key message
The cell may be subject to physiological stress, promote the accumulation of H2O2 in leaves, and accelerate the degradation of the cell walls of AZ cells and vascular tissues, which results in leaf abscission in C. paliurus.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Institute of Biology of Guizhou Province for providing the plant material.
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This manuscript was funded and supported by the Department of Education of Guizhou Province [grant code qianjiaoji (2022) 136], the New Seedling Program of Guizhou Normal University [grant code 2021-B05], the Key Technology Research and Demonstration of Leaf-use Oriented Cultivation of Cyclocarya paliurus [Qiankehe Support (2020) 4Y117] and the Research and Innovation Capacity Building under Forest Economy in Guizhou [Qiankehe Service Enterprise (2020)4010] project.
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Conceptualization was performed by G.Y.W., L.Y.L., Y.Y.L., J.C.Y.; data curation was performed by S.W., G.S.G.; formal analysis was performed by Q.Y. L., G.Y.W and Y.T.; writing – review and editing was performed by Q.Y.L., S.W., G.Y.W., Y.Y.L., J.C.Y., Y.T., and L.Y.L.
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Communicated by Christell van der Vyver.
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Li, QY., Wang, S., Wu, GY. et al. Physiological and biochemical changes in leaf abscission of Cyclocarya paliurus stem segments in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 155, 773–783 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02598-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02598-0