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Development of a highly efficient callus induction and plant regeneration system for Dendrocalamus sinicus using hypocotyls as explants

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Abstract

Dendrocalamus sinicus is the largest bamboo species in the world. To aid its rapid propagation and explore its desired traits, we identified the optimal medium and culture conditions for callus induction, shoot differentiation, rooting and transplanting using hypocotyls as explants. Comparison of three browning inhibitors indicated that 400 mg/L of citric acid provided the best results. The Box-Behnken model showed that 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), citric acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) had decreasing levels of impact on the callus induction rate of D. sinicus, with their optimum concentrations being 2.10 mg/L, 420 mg/L and 3.10 mg/L, respectively. Under these conditions, the callus induction rate of D. sinicus hypocotyls was predicted to be as high as 89.06%, and was validated as 88.87% in our experiments. The highest frequency of callus formation was on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 30 g/L sucrose, 6 g/L agar, 500 mg/L casein hydrolysate (CH), 500 mg/L proline (Pro), 500 mg/L glutamine (Gln), 2.10 mg/L 6-BA, 420 mg/L citric acid and 3.10 mg/L 2,4-D. After further callus differentiation, rooting and regeneration, the rooting rate and survival rate of transplanted seedlings reached 91% and 93%, respectively. Our study provides a theoretical basis and a new avenue for the genetic transformation of bamboo plants.

Key message

The main objective of this study was to construct a highly efficient callus induction and plant regeneration system for the largest bamboo species in the world by hypocotyls as explants based on response surface method.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32022058 and 31670551), Essential Scientific Research of Chinese National Non-profit Institute (CAFYBB2019ZB006), Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects (2019FA013) and Training Objects of Technological Innovation Talents in Yunnan Province (2019HB074).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, People’s Republic of China

    Jin Li, Chengjie Gao, Yingchun Miao, Zirui Liu & Kai Cui

  2. Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People’s Republic of China

    Jin Li

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  1. Jin Li
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  2. Chengjie Gao
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  3. Yingchun Miao
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  4. Zirui Liu
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  5. Kai Cui
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Contributions

KC designed the research; JL conducted the research; YCM and CJG analyzed the data; JL and ZRL wrote the paper. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kai Cui.

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Communicated by Qiao-Chun Wang.

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Li, J., Gao, C., Miao, Y. et al. Development of a highly efficient callus induction and plant regeneration system for Dendrocalamus sinicus using hypocotyls as explants. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 145, 117–125 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01996-y

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