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Isolation and functional characterization of an Ethylene Response Factor (RhERF092) from rose (Rosa hybrida)

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Abstract

Improper post-harvest handling results in significant losses to cut rose flowers. The phytohormone ethylene plays a key role in the growth of rose and flower opening. In this study we isolated and characterized an Ethylene Response Factor (RhERF092) from rose (Rosa hybrida) cv. “Samantha” and investigated its role in flower opening and development. RhERF092 was originally detected in a microarray experiment with a significant increase in its expression in rose petals after 1 h of ethylene treatment. Sequence analysis showed the presence of a canonical AP2/EREBP domain and a C-terminus trans-activation domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RhERF092 is an orthologue of the Arabidopsis ERF1 (AT3G23240) belonging to subgroup IX of the ERF gene family. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed RhERF092: GFP expression in the nucleus. Basal expression of RhERF092 is highest expression at stage 0 of flower opening which gradually decreases and remains constant till senescence. Ectopic expression of RhERF092 in Arabidopsis caused various ethylene-related aberrations in plant development including stunted growth, abortion of apical dominance, production of lateral tillers from rosette nodes, branches from the aerial nodes, and sterile inflorescence. Arabidopsis 35SRhERF092 plants were found to be sensitive to the ethylene precursor ACC with significantly reduced hypocotyl and root system with significant reduction in the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, cell expansion and cell cycle such as ARGOS, ARGOS-LIKE, SIM, JAGGED, AN3, CYCD3-1, and CYCD3-2as compared to WT plants. Taken together these results indicate that RhERF092 regulates ethylene-specific responses in rose and Arabidopsis.

Key message

The rose Ethylene Response Factor RhERF092 is a transcription factor that regulates essential ethylene-related development of rose flowers and mediates abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant No. 31372095 and Grant No. 31130048, and the 948 project (2011-G17) of the Ministry of Agriculture. We are thankful to Dr. Gao Junping, Dr. Hong Bo and Dr. Ma Nan for all their support for help during the experiments and also for critical review of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ali Khan, Muhammad Imtiaz, Adil Hussain, Fazal Jalal, Sayed Hussain & Fazal Said

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

    Muhammad Ali Khan & Muhammad Imtiaz

  3. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China

    Sikandar Hayat

  4. Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Mehboob Alam

  5. Atta Ur Rahman School of Biological Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Rabia Amir

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Contributions

MAK conceived and designed the research work. MAK and MI conducted most of the experiments. AH, FJ, SH provided the plant materials and also analyzed the data. MAK, AH, SH wrote the manuscript and help in statistical analysis. FS, MA and RA critically reviewed the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Muhammad Ali Khan.

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Online Resource 1 Diagramatic representaion of the strategy used for cloning RhERF092 in Arabidopsis using the binary vector pBI-121 (DOCX 15 kb)

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Khan, M., Imtiaz, M., Hussain, A. et al. Isolation and functional characterization of an Ethylene Response Factor (RhERF092) from rose (Rosa hybrida). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 140, 157–172 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01719-y

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