Abstract
Optical-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (O-OFDM) systems, including the direct current biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) and the asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM), are very important to achieve high data rate transmission in visible light communication (VLC). However, the DCO-OFDM and ACO-OFDM systems suffer from adjacent channel interference (ACI) caused by out of band (OOB) and a high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). In this work, a pulse-shaping signal based on a symbol-time compression (STC) scheme is presented. The proposed shaped STC-DCOOFDM and shaped STC-ACOOFDM systems are capable of reducing both the ACI and the PAPR as well. Further, the OOB, PAPR, and computing complexity are analytically investigated. The simulation results verify the analytical study of the proposed methods for OOB reduction and power savings resulting in PAPR reduction. The proposed systems are evaluated for different modulation schemes, including BPSK, QPSK and 8QAM.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. V. N. Index. (2016). Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2015_2020, Available: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider.pdf,
Jovicic, A., Li, J., & Richardson, T. (2013). Visible light communication: Opportunities, challenges and the path to market. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51(12), 26–32.
Chowdhury, M. Z., Hossan, M. T., Islam, A., & Jang, Y. M. (2018). A comparative survey of optical wireless technologies: Architectures and applications. IEEE Access, 6(12), 9819–9840.
Armstrong, J. (2009). OFDM for optical communications. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 27(3), 189–204.
Gancarz, J., Elgala, H., & Little, T. D. C. (2013). Impact of lighting requirements on VLC systems. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51(12), 34–41.
Dissanayake, S. D., & Armstrong, J. (2013). Comparison of ACO-OFDM, DCO-OFDM and ADO-OFDM in IM/DD systems. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 31(15), 1063–1072.
Armstrong, J., & Schmidt, B. J. C. (2008). Comparison of asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM and DC-biased optical OFDM in AWGN. IEEE Communications Letters, 12(2), 343–345.
Farhang, A., Marchetti, N., Figueiredo, F., & Miranda, J. P. (2014). Massive MIMO and waveform design for 5th generation wireless communication systems. In Proceedings of the international conference on 5G for ubiquitous connectivity.
Vakilian, V., Wild, T., Schaich, F., Brink, S., & Frigon, J. F. (2013). Universalfiltered Multi-carrier Technique for Wireless Systems Beyond LTE. In Proc. 2013: GC Wkshps
Kuriki, H., Mizutani, K., Matsumura, T., & Harada, H. (2017). Enhanced UFOFDM or Long-delay Multipath Fading Environment. In IEEE VTC2017: Spring.
Afifi, M. Y. I., Elbakry, M. S., Soliman, E. S. S. A., & Ammar, A. A. (2020). An efficient technique for out-of-band power reduction for the eliminated CP-STC-shaped system for 5g requirements. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 10(5), 5306–5312.
Afifi, M. Y. I., El-Sayed Soliman Ahmed Said, & Ammar, A. A. (2020). An Efficient Performance of OFDM-Shaped Symbol for 5G Green Communication Compared to FBMC. Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal (ASTESJ), 5(6) 1163–1170.
Hameed, S. M., Sabri, A. A., & Abdulsatar, S. M. (2023). Filtered OFDM for underwater wireless optical communication. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 55, 77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04359-3
Goldsmith, A. (2005). Wireless communications (1st ed.). Cambridge Univ. Press.
Ochiai, H., & Imai, H. (2001). on the distribution of the peak-to-average power ratio in OFDM signals. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 49(2), 282–289.
El-Mahallawy, M., & Eldien, A. T. (2019). Performance enhancement of UWA-OFDM communication systems based on FWHT. International Journal of Communication Systems, 32(16), e3979.
El-Mahallawy, M., TagEldien, A. S., & Elagooz S. S. (2013). Performance enhancement of underwater acoustic OFDM communication systems. Wireless Personal Communications, 108(4), 2047–2057.
Wang, J., Xu, Y., Ling, X., Zhang, R., Ding, Z., & Zhao, C. (2016). PAPR analysis for OFDM visible light communication. Optics Express, 24(2), 27457–27474.
Mounir, M., Tarrad, I. F., & Youssef, M. I. (2018). Performance evaluation of different precoding matrices for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems. Internet Technology Letters, 1, 70.
Hu, S., Wu, G., Wen, Q., Xiao, Y., & Li, S. (2010). Nonlinearity reduction by tone reservation with null subcarriers for WiMAX system. Wireless Personal Communications, 54, 289–305.
Zhang, X., Wang, Q., Zhang, R., Chen, S., & Hanzo, L. (2017). Performance analysis of layered ACO-OFDM. IEEE Access, 5, 18366–18381.
Anoh, K., Tanriover, C., Adebisi, B., & Hammoudeh, M. (2017). A new approach to iterative clipping and filtering PAPR reduction scheme for OFDM systems. IEEE Access, 6, 17533–17544.
Madhavi, D., & Patnaik, M. R. (2018). Implementation of non linear companding technique for reducing PAPR of OFDM. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5, 870–877.
Shaheen, I. A. A., Zekry, A., Newagy, F. & Ibrahim, R., (2017). Absolute exponential companding to reduced PAPR for FBMC/OQAM. In International Confference on Information and Communication Technology (PICICT 2017), Palestinian.
Yang, Y., Zeng, Z., Feng, S., & Guo, C. (2016). A simple OFDM scheme for VLC systems based on μ-law mapping. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 28, 641–644.
Yadav, A. K., & Prajapati, Y. K. (2019). PAPR minimization of clipped ofdm signals using tangent rooting companding technique. Wireless Personal Communications, 105, 1435–1447.
Hasan, M. M. (2013). VLM precoded SLM technique for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems. Wireless Personal Communications, 73, 791–801.
Freag, H., et al. (2017). PAPR reduction in VLC-OFDM system using CPM combined with PTS method. International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems, 6, 127–132.
Xiao, Y., et al. (2015). PAPR reduction based on chaos combined with SLM technique in optical OFDM IM/DD system. Optical Fiber Technology, 21, 81–86.
Vappangi, S., & Vakamulla, V. M. (2018). Channel estimation in ACO-OFDM employing different transforms for VLC. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 84, 111–122.
Elbakry, M. S., & Ramadan, K. (2023). A time-mirroring (TM) scheme for ICI mitigation in time-varyiing channel for digital video broadcasting (DVB) systems. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 82(3).
Elbakry, M. S., & El-Shenawy, H. (2017). A symbol time compression for ICI reduction in high mobility OFDM systems. In 2017 29th International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM), Cairo - Egypt.
Elbakry, M. S., & El-Shenawy, H. (2017). A time inversion and symbol time compression (TI-STC) scheme for ICI cancellation in high mobility OFDM systems. In 2017 Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications and Computers (JAC-ECC), Cairo - Egypt.
Bhadoria, M. P. S., Pandey, G., & Dixit, A. (2019). Performance evaluation of visible light communication for DCO and ACO optical OFDM techniques. In 2019 National Conference on Communications (NCC), USA.
Mohammed, M. (2011). Theoretical analysis and simulation of IM/DD optical OFDM systems, McMaster Universit: http://www.Academia.Edu/19322099.
Androw, S., & Derd, H. (2020). Enhancing the performance of optical VLC system based on asymmetric symmetric subcarriers OFDM. International Journal of Communication Systems, 33(10), e4226.
Xiaodi, Y., & Gyei, F. (2017). Time domain reshuffling for OFDM based indoor visible light communication systems. USA: Optics express, 25(10), 11606–11621.
Mesleh, R., Elgala, H., & Haas, H. (2011). On the performance of different OFDM based optical wireless communication systems. IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, 3(8), 260–628.
Hameed, S. M., Abdulsatar, S. M., & Sabri, A. A. (2022). PAPR reduction for different O-OFDM in VLC using μ-law companding and convolutional encoder. Iraqi Journal of Computers, Communications, Control & Systems Engineering (IJCCCE), 22(2), 26.
Elbakry, M. S., Mohammed, A., & Ismail, T. (2022). Throughput improvement and PAPR reduction for OFDM-based VLC systems using an integrated STC-IMADJS technique. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 54, 17.
Jayalath, D. S. A. & Tellambura, C. (2001). Reducing the out-of-band radiation of OFDM using an extended guard interval. In IEEE 54th vehicular technology conference. VTC Fall 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No. 01CH37211), USA.
Mohammed, A., Ismail, T., Nassar, A., & Mostafa, H. (2021). A novel companding technique to reduce high peak to average power ratio in OFDM systems. IEEE Access, 9, 35217–35228.
Acknowledgements
We are enclosing herewith a manuscript entitled “Performance Improvement for DCO-OFDM and ACO-OFDM Systems Using Symbol Time Compression” for publication in Telecommunication Systems Journal. With the submission of this manuscript I would like to undertake that: All authors of this research paper have directly participated in the planning, execution, or analysis of this study; All authors of this paper have read and approved the final version submitted; The contents of this manuscript have not been copyrighted or published previously; The contents of this manuscript are not now under consideration for publication elsewhere; The contents of this manuscript will not be copyrighted, submitted, or published elsewhere, while acceptance by the Journal is under consideration; There are no directly related manuscripts or abstracts, published or unpublished, by any authors of this paper.
Funding
The authors have not disclosed any funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Manuscript title: “Performance Improvement for DCO-OFDM and ACO-OFDM Systems Using Symbol Time Compression”. The authors whose names are listed immediately below certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honor-aria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Ramadan, K., ElHalawany, B.M. & Elbakry, M.S. Performance improvement for DCO-OFDM and ACO-OFDM systems using symbol time compression. Telecommun Syst 84, 77–100 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-023-01027-z
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-023-01027-z