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A tutorial survey on vehicle-to-vehicle communications

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Abstract

The automotive industry is undergoing major transformation, with the emergence of vehicular networks, intelligent transportation systems, and autonomous cars over the last decade. These technologies are made possible by recent advances of software, hardware, and communication systems, along with the development of various applications and standards. Today, new technologies are incorporated into cars that detect potential road hazards and improve the driving experience. There are three key components being integrated into cars: sensors, information systems, and communication technologies to create connected vehicle networks. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is being used in connected networks to reduce traffic congestion, improve passengers’ safety, and enable the efficient management of vehicles on roads. Here, we present recent research developments and current trends in V2V communications. We discuss architectural issues and wireless technologies that support V2V. We also present recently proposed security solutions for V2V. Finally, we discuss outstanding challenges for enabling the deployment and adoption of V2V technology.

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Abbreviations

3GPP:

Third-Generation Partnership Project

5GAA:

5G Automotive Association

AA:

Authentication Authority

ACC:

Adaptive Cruise Control

BCAM:

Binary hash tree-based Certificate Access Management

BD:

Bidirectional

BDL:

Bidirectional Leader

BSM:

Basic Safety Message

CACC:

Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control

CAC-CTS:

Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control using Turn Signal

CAM:

Certificate Access Management

CPPA:

Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication

C-V2X:

Cellular Vehicle to Everything

DOT:

Department of Transportation

DSRC:

Dedicated Short Range Communications

D2D:

Device to Device

E2E:

End-to-End

HD:

High Definition

h-PF:

h-Predecessors Following

h-PLF:

h-Predecessor-Leader Following

IEEE:

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

GPS:

Global Positioning System

IRT:

Inter Reception Time

IT:

Information Technology

LIDAR:

Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging

LK:

Lane Keeping

LLC:

Left Lane Changing

LOS:

Line of Sight

LTE:

Long-Term Evolution

MAC:

Media Access Control

NFV:

Network Functions Virtualization

NHTSA:

U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

NLOS:

Non Line of Sight

OBU:

On-Board Unit

OECD:

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

OEM:

Original Equipment Manufacturer

OFDM:

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

PF:

Predecessor Following

PLF:

Predecessor Leader Following

PRR:

Packet Reception Rate

QoS:

Quality of Service

RLC:

Right Lane Changing

RSU:

RoadSide Unit

SCMS:

Security Credential Management System

SMS:

Short Message Service

SDN:

Software Defined Networking

SPL:

Service Provisioning Layer

TPF:

Two-Predecessors Following

TPLF:

Two-Predecessor-Leader Following

V2I:

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure

V2P:

Vehicle-to-Pedestrian

V2V:

Vehicle-to-Vehicle

V2X:

Vehicle-to-Everything

VANET:

Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork

VCC:

Vehicular Cloud Communication

VNL:

Vehicular Network Layer

VFL:

Vehicular Fog Layer

WAVE:

Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments

Wi-Fi:

Wireless Fidelity

WSMP:

WAVE Short Message Protocol

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    S. Zeadally

  2. Faculty of Telematics, University de Colima, Colima, Mexico

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Zeadally, S., Guerrero, J. & Contreras, J. A tutorial survey on vehicle-to-vehicle communications. Telecommun Syst 73, 469–489 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-019-00639-8

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