Abstract
Cooperative communication has drawn considerable attention from the wireless research community given the efficient and optimal utilization of constraint resources in dynamic wireless networks. In this study, we conduct a review of extant literature based on protocol classification. We further classify existing cooperative medium access control (CMAC) protocols based on target objective orientation and show the relay selection robustness of these protocols to network requirements. Ultimately, we identify the design and implementation challenges facing CMAC protocols and present certain open research issues.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gesbert, D., Bolcskei, H., Gore, D., & Paulraj A. (2000). MIMO wireless channels: Capacity and performance prediction. In Proceedings IEEE global telecommunication conference GTC. (pp. 1083–1088).
Shen, W. L., Lin, K. C. J., Cheng, W. J., Qiu, L., & Chen, M. S. (2016). Concurrent packet recovery for distributed uplink multiuser MIMO networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 15(12), 3014–3027.
Valli, R., & Dananjayan, P. (2012). Utility-based power control with different deployment schemes in virtual MIMO Wireless Sensor Network. Proceedings IEEE international conference on advanced engineering science management ICAESM (pp. 417–422).
Laneman, J. N., Tse, D. N. C., & Wornell, G. W. (2004). Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 50(12), 3062–3080.
Sendonaris, A., Erkip, E., & Aazhang, B. (2003). User cooperation diversity-part I: System description. IEEE Transaction on Communication, 51(11), 1927–1938.
Nosratinia, A., Hunter, T. E., & Hedayat, A. (2004). Cooperative communication in wireless networks. IEEE Communication Magazine, 42(10), 74–80.
Bletsas, A., Shin, H., & Win, M. Z. (2007). Cooperative communication with outage-optimal opportunistic relaying. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 6(9), 3450–3460.
Shan, H., Zhuang, W., & Cheng, H. T. (2010). Cross-layer protocol design for distributed wireless networks with novel relay selection. Proceedings IEEE global telecommunications conference GTC (pp. 1–6).
Liu, F., Korakis, T., Tao, Z., & Panwar, S. S. (2008). A MAC-PHY cross-layer protocol for ad hoc wireless networks. Proceedings IEEE wireless communications and networking conference WCNC (pp. 1792–1797).
Liu, P., Tao, Z., Narayanan, S., Korakis, T., & Panwar, S. S. (2007). CoopMAC: A cooperative MAC for wireless LANs. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas Communications, 25(2), 340–353.
Gokturk, M. S., & Gurbuz, O. (2009). Cooperative MAC protocol with distributed relay actuation. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference WCNC (pp. 1–6).
Zhu, H., & Cao, G. (2006). rDCF?: A relay-enabled medium access control protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 5(9), 1201–1214.
Sami, M., Noordin, N. K., Khabazian, M., Hashim, F., & Subramaniam, S. (2016). A survey and taxonomy on medium access control strategies for cooperative communication in wireless networks: Research issues and challenges. IEEE Communications Survey Tutorials, 18(4), 2493–2521.
Ju, P. J., Song, W., & Zhou, D. Z. (2013). Survey on cooperative medium access control protocols. IET Communications, 7(9), 893–902.
IEEE Standard 802.11 g-2003: Information technology– Local and metropolitan area networks—Part II: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (Mac) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications—Amendment 4: Further Higher Data Rate Extension in the 2.4 GHz Band,ISO/IEC 8802-11:2005/Amd.4:2006(E) IEEE Std 802.11 g-2003 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-1999) (pp. 1–87).
Goldsmith, A. (2004). Wireless communications. Stanford: Stanford University.
Papadogiannis, A., & Svensson, T. (2012). Performance analysis of centralized relay selection with unreliable control information, Proceedings IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference VTC (pp. 1–5).
Moh, S., & Yu, C. (2011). A cooperative diversity-based robust MAC protocol in wireless ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 22(3), 353–363.
Liu, X., Chen, C., Huang, A., & Zhou, Q. F. (2015). A new TDMA-based Cooperative MAC Scheme. Proceedings of IEEE 22nd international conference on telecommunications ICT (pp. 48–53).
Lee, J., Noh, H., & Lim, J. (2014). TDMA-based cooperative MAC protocol for multi-hop relaying networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 18(3), 435–438.
Zhang, R., Cheng, X., Yang, L., Shen, X., & Jiao, B. (2015). A novel centralized TDMA-based scheduling protocol for vehicular networks. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 16(1), 411–416.
Amin, A., Jalil, S. H., & Farshad, L. (2015). Performance analysis of ad-hoc routing in heterogeneous clustered multi-hop wireless networks. Computer Networks, 80, 143–154.
Haixia, C., Gang, W., Gaoyong, L., Yongcong, Y., & Wenlou, L. (2013). Performance analysis of ARQ cooperative diversity systems with multiple two-hop relays over Rayleigh fading channels. Computers, and Electrical Engineering, 39, 1399–1408.
Hong, Y. P. P., Lin, C. K., & Wang, S. H. (2010). Exploiting cooperative advantages in slotted Aloha random access networks. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 56(8), 3828–3846.
Sakakibara, K., & Taketsugu, J. (2012). Bistable region of backoff algorithms with contention window in slotted ALOHA systems. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Telecommunications, 9–14.
Meloni, A., & Murroni, M. (2013). Average power limitations in sliding window contention resolution diversity slotted Aloha, Proceedings of IEEE 9th international wireless communications on mobile computing conference IWCMC (pp. 7–12).
Shijun, L., Kewei, L., Jianmin, X., Jianghong, S., & Xijun, W. (2016). Cooperative mechanism for PNC two-hop slotted ALOHA network. International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 70, 662–667.
Chou, C. T., Yang, J., & Wang, D. (2007). Cooperative MAC protocol with automatic relay selection in distributed wireless networks. In Proceedings of IEEE 5th international conference on pervasive computing communications ICPCC (pp. 526–531).
He, X. & Li, F. Y. (2009). Cooperative RTS/CTS MAC with relay selection in distributed wireless networks. In Proceedings of IEEE international conference on ultra modern telecommunications and workshops ICUMTW (pp. 1–8).
Lin, I., Sekiya, M., & Sasase, I. (2012). Cooperative MAC protocol with distributed relay selection using group-based probabilistic contention. In Proceedings IEEE 18th Asian Pacific conference on communications APCC (pp. 436–441).
Adam, H., Yamnaz, E., & Bettstetter, C. (2014). Medium access with adaptive relay selection in cooperative wireless networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 13(9), 2042–2057.
Feng, J., Zhang, R., Ng, S. X., & Hanzo, L. (2011). Relay selection for energy-efficient cooperative media access control,” Proceedings of IEEE wireless communications on networking conference WCNC (pp. 287–292).
Jamal, T., & Mendes, P. (2014). Cooperative relaying for wireless local area networks. Wireless Networking for Mobile Objects, 8611, 50–69.
Wang, X., & Li, J. (2015). Improving the network lifetime of MANETs through cooperative MAC protocol design. IEEE Transactions on Parallel Distributed Systems, 26(4), 1010–1020.
Wang, X., Li, J., & Tang, F. (2014). Network coding-aware cooperative mac protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 25(1), 167–179.
Sarper, G. M., Ozgur, G., & Murat, E. (2016). A practical cross-layer cooperative MAC framework for WSNs. Computer Networks, 98, 57–73.
Kai, L., Shan, W., Bo, H., Feng, L., & Zhen, X. (2016). A power-optimized cooperative MAC protocol for lifetime extension in wireless sensor networks. Sensor, 16, 1–29.
Shamna, H. R., & Jacob, L. (2017). An energy and throughput efficient distributed cooperative MAC protocol for multihop wireless networks. Computer Networks, 126, 15–30.
Zhou, Y., Liu, J., Zheng, L., Zhai, & Chen, H. (2011). Link-utility-based cooperative mac protocol for wireless multi-hop networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 10(3), 995–1005.
Zhuang, W., & Ismail, M. (2012). Cooperation in wireless communication networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 19(2), 10–20.
Zhuang, W., & Zhou, Y. (2013). A survey of cooperative MAC protocols for mobile communication networks. Journal of Internet Technology, 4(4), 541–558.
Gómez-Cuba, F., Asorey-Cacheda, R., & González-Castaño, F. J. (2012). A survey on cooperative diversity for wireless networks. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 14(3), 822–835.
Sadeghi, R., Barraca, J. P., & Aguiar, R. L. (2016). A survey on cooperative MAC protocols in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. Wireless Personal Communication, 95, 1469–1493.
Ibrahim, A. S., Sadek, A. K., Su, W., & Liu, K. J. R. (2008). Cooperative communications with relay selection: When to cooperate and whom to cooperate with? IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 7(7), 2814–2827.
Crismani, A., Babich, F., & Hanzo, L. (2010). Cross-layer solutions for cooperative Medium Access Control protocols. In Proceedings of IEEE 71st vehicular technology conference VTC (pp. 1–5).
Hoang, Q. T., & Tran, X. N. (2014). Improved cross-layer cooperative MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. Proceedings IEEE signal and information processing association annual summit and conference SIPAASC (pp. 1–7).
Ahmed, M. H. U., Hong, C. S., & Lee, S. (2014). Energy efficient smart-relay-based cooperative MAC for wireless networks. Computing, 96(2), 133–161.
Xiaoying, Z., Lei, G., Alagan, A., & Ahmed, S. K. (2017). Performance of Energy efficient cooperative MAC protocol with power backoff in MANETs. Wireless Personal Communication, 92, 843–861.
Kannan, L. N., Vijayasankar, K., ChanneGowda, D., Agarwal, N., Tacca, M., & Fumagalli, A. (2009). Could cooperative MAC protocols improve performance in multi-hop wireless ad-hoc networks?. In Proceedings of IEEE 6th international conference on wireless on-demand networking systems services ICWDNSS (pp. 237–242).
Gao, T., & Carrasco, R. (2009). CRBAR: Cooperative relay-based auto rate MAC for multi-rate wireless networks. IEEE Transaction on Wireless Communications, 8(12), 5933–5947.
Holland, G., Vaidya, N., & Bahl, P. (2001). A relay adaptive MAC protocol for multihop wireless networks. Proceedings mobile communications MOBICOM’01 (pp. 239–250).
Munari, A., Rossetto, F., & Zorzi, M. (2009). Phoenix: Making cooperation more efficient through network coding in wireless networks. IEEE Transaction on Wireless Communications, 8(10), 5248–5258.
Mahmoud, S., Nor, K. N., Fazirulhysian, H., Shamala, S., & Ayyoub, A. M. (2015). An energy-aware cross-layer cooperative MAC protocol for wireless ad-hoc networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 58, 227–248.
Abuzainab, N., & Ephremides, A. (2012). Energy efficiency of cooperative relaying over a wireless link. IEEE Transaction on Wireless Communications, 11, 2076–2083.
Mahasukhon, P., Hempel, M., Zhou, T., Sharif, H., Ma, T., & Wang, W. (2011). A novel adaptive distributed cooperative relaying MAC protocol for vehicular networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 29(1), 72–82.
Kai, L., Xiaoying, C., Feng, L., Xin, W., & Athanasios, V. (2015). A cooperative MAC protocol with rapid relay selection for wireless ad-hoc networks. Computer Networks, 91, 262–282.
Khalid, M., Wang, Y., Ra, I., & Sankar, R. (2011). Two-relay based cooperative MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 60(7), 3361–3373.
Antonopoulos, A., Verikoukis, C., Skianis, C., & Akan, O. B. (2013). Energy efficient network coding-based MAC for cooperative ARQ wireless networks. Ad Hoc Networks., 11, 190–200.
Uysal, M. (2010). Cooperative communications for improved wireless network transmission: Framework for virtual antenna array applications. New York: Information Science Reference.
Savo, G. G. (2009). Advanced wireless networks: 4G technologies. West Sussex, England: Wiley.
Meshkati, F., Poor, H. V., & Schwartz, S. C. (2007). Energy-efficient resource allocation in wireless networks: An overview of game-theoretic approaches, Electronic Engineering, 1–21.
Mehta, S., & Kwak, K. (2010). An energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks: A game theoretic approach. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communication and Networking, 10(1), 1–10.
Li, Y., Liu, K., & Liu, F. (2013). CRP-CMAC: A priority-differentiated cooperative MAC protocol with contention resolution for multi-hop wireless networks. KSII Transaction on Internet Information Systems, 7, 2636–2656.
Yang, H., Shen, H., & Sikdar, B. (2013). An energy saving throughput-optimal MAC protocol for cooperative MIMO transmissions. IEEE Transaction on Communications, 61, 4899–4909.
Pathmasuntharam, J. S. (2005). Efficient multi-rate relaying (EMR) MAC protocol for ad hoc networks. Proceedings of IEEE international conference on communications ICC (pp. 2947–2951).
Alocious, C., & Christianson, B. (2015). Analysis of DoS attacks at MAC layer in mobile ad-hoc networks. Proceedings of IEEE international wireless communication and mobile computing IWCMC (pp. 811–816).
Salik, M., Ankur, C., Naveen, R., Thanasis, K., Zhifeng, T., & Shivendra, P. (2008). Security implication of cooperative communications in wireless networks. In IEEE Samoff Symposium (pp. 1–6).
Eirini, K & Anastasios, A. E. (2012). Wireless sensor network security visualization. In IEEE 4th international workshop on mobile computing and networking technologies (pp. 850–856).
Vallam, R. D., Franklin, A. A., & Murthy, C. S. R. (2008). Modelling cooperative MAC layer misbehavior in IEEE 802.11 ad hoc networks with heterogeneous loads. In Proceedings of IEEE 6th international symposium on modelling and optimization in mobile ad-hoc and wireless networks and workshops (pp. 197–206).
Yu, F. R., Tang, H., Bu, S., & Zheng, D. (2013). Security and quality of service (QoS) co-design in cooperative mobile ad hoc networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 13(1), 1–14.
Ju, P., & Song, W. (2016). Repeated game analysis for cooperative MAC with incentive design for wireless networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 65(7), 5045–5059.
Hai-Yan, S., Wan-Liang, W., Ngai-Ming, K., & Sheng-Yong, C. (2012). Game theory for wireless sensor networks: A survey. Sensors, 12, 9055–9097.
Schenk, T. (2008). RF imperfections in high-rate wireless systems: Impact and digital compensation. Netherlands: Springer.
Bjornson, E., Matthaiou, M., & Debbah, M. (2013). A new look at dual-hop relaying: Performance limits with hardware impairments. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 61(11), 4512–4525.
Qi, J., Aissa, S., & Alouini, M. (2014). Dual-hop amplify-and-forward cooperative relaying in the presence of transmitter and receiver in-phase and quadrature phase imbalance. IET Communications, 8(3), 287–298.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Akande, D.O., Salleh, M.F.M. & Ojo, F.K. MAC protocol for cooperative networks, design challenges, and implementations: a survey. Telecommun Syst 69, 95–111 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-018-0427-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-018-0427-3