A carbon fiber-reinforced thermosetting plastic and stainless steel were joined by the fiber laser. The surface texture effect on the joint was investigated. The abrasive paper scratching is shown to form single directional striae on stainless steel with intermittent ridges. Laser texture processing creates uniformly distributed microdimples and ridges, which forms a rectangular cellular structure. This processing can improve the fluidity of molten polyphenylene sulfite during laser joining. Laser scanning on stainless steel results in the formation of fusion and heat-affected zones. In the heat-affected zone, lathy ferrite is located along the boundary, while in the fusion zone, ferrite forms the skeletal structure and separates austenite into a cellular structure. The surface texture modification can contribute to the adhesive strength between stainless steel and polyphenylene sulfite through on enlarged contact surface area by forming striae, microdimples, and ridges. As compared to the abrasive paper scratching, the stainless steel/plastic joint with laser texture processing exhibits a higher shear strength.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
X. L. Zhao and L. Zhang, “State-of-the-art review on FRP strengthened steel structures,” Eng. Struct., 29, No. 8, 1808–1823 (2007).
G. Williams, R. Trask, and I. Bond, “A self-healing carbon fiber reinforced polymer for aerospace applications,” Compos. Part A-Appl. S., 38, No. 6, 1525–1532 (2007).
A. Mayyas, A. Qattawi, M. Omar, and D. Shan, “Design for sustainability in automotive industry: a comprehensive review,” Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 16, No. 4, 1845–1862 (2012).
Z. Zhang, J. Shan, X. Tan, and J. Zhang, “Improvement of the laser joining of CFRP and aluminum via laser pre-treatment,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Tech., 90, Nos. 9–12, 3465–3472 (2017).
F. Lambiase and D.-C. Ko, “Two-steps clinching of aluminum and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer sheets,” Compos. Struct., 164, 180–188 (2017).
G. Marannano and B. Zuccarello, “Numerical experimental analysis of hybrid double lap aluminum-CFRP joints,” Compos. Part B-Eng., 71, 28–39 (2015).
P. Molitor, V. Barron, and T. Young, “Surface treatment of titanium for adhesive bonding to polymer composites: a review,” Int. J. Adhes. Adhes., 21, No. 2, 129–136 (2001).
S. M. Goushegir, “Friction spot joining (FSpJ) of aluminum-CFRP hybrid structures,” Weld. World, 60, No. 6, 1073–1093 (2016).
S. Katayama and Y. Kawahito, “Laser direct joining of metal and plastic,” Scripta Mater., 59, No. 12, 1247–1250 (2008).
X. Tan, J. Shan, J. Ren, “Effects of Cr plating layer on shear strength and interface bonding characteristics of mild steel/CFRP joint by laser heating,” Acta Metall. Sin., 49, 751–756 (2013).
A. Roesner, A. Olowinsky, and A. Gillner, “Long term stability of laser joined plastic metal parts,” Phys. Procedia, 41, 169–171 (2013).
J. Jiao, Z. Xu, Q. Wang, et al., “CFRTP and stainless steel laser joining: Thermal defects analysis and joining parameters optimization,” Opt. Laser Technol., 103, 170–176 (2018).
M. Mukherjee, T. K. Pal, “Evaluation of microstructural and mechanical properties of Fe-16Cr-1Ni-9Mn-0.12N austenitic stainless steel welded joints,” Mater. Charact., 131, 406–424 (2017).
L. J. Wang, L. Y. Sheng, and C. M. Hong, “Influence of grain boundary carbides on mechanical properties of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel,” Mater. Design, 37, 349–355 (2012).
L. Y. Sheng, F. Yang, T. F. Xi, et al., “Microstructure and elevated temperature tensile behaviour of directionally solidified nickel based superalloy,” Mater. Res. Innov., 17, No. S1, 101–106 (2013).
L. Y. Sheng, F. Yang, T. F. Xi, et al., “Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Ni3Al/Al2O6 composite during self-propagation high-temperature synthesis and hot extrusion,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 555, 131–138 (2012).
L. Y. Sheng, B. N. Du, B. J. Wang, et al., “Hot extrusion effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Mg–Y–Nd–Zr alloy,” Strength Mater., 50, No. 1, 184–192 (2018).
L. Y. Sheng, F. Yang, T. F. Xi, et al., “Microstructure and room temperature mechanical properties of NiAl–Cr(Mo)–(Hf, Dy) hypoeutectic alloy prepared by injection casting,” Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China, 23, No. 4, 983–990 (2013).
K. Nagatsuka, S. Yoshida, A. Tsuchiy, and K. Nakata, “Direct joining of carbon- fiber–reinforced plastic to an aluminum alloy using friction lap joining,” Compos. Part B-Eng., 73, 82–88 (2015).
L. Y. Sheng, F. Yang, T. F. Xi, et al., “Influence of heat treatment on interface of Cu/Al bimetal composite fabricated by cold rolling,” Compos. Part B-Eng., 42, No. 6, 1468–1473 (2011).
A. Pramanik, A. K. Basak, Y. Dong, et al., “Joining of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and aluminium alloys – A review,” Compos. Part A-Appl. S., 101, 1–29 (2017).
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the support of Shenzhen Basic Research Project (JCYJ20150529162228734, JCYJ20170815153143221, JCYJ20150625155931806, JCYJ20160427100211076 and JCYJ20160427170611414, JCYJ20170306141506805).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 137 – 145, January – February, 2019.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sheng, L.Y., Lai, C., Xu, Z.F. et al. Effect of the Surface Texture on Laser Joining of a Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic and Stainless Steel. Strength Mater 51, 122–129 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11223-019-00057-w
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11223-019-00057-w