Abstract
The Sun’s internal structure and dynamics can be studied with helioseismology, which uses the Sun’s natural acoustic oscillations to build up a profile of the solar interior. We discuss how solar acoustic oscillations are affected by the Sun’s magnetic field. Careful observations of these effects can be inverted to determine the variations in the structure and dynamics of the Sun’s interior as the solar cycle progresses. Observed variations in the structure and dynamics can then be used to inform models of the solar dynamo, which are crucial to our understanding of how the Sun’s magnetic field is generated and maintained.
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Acknowledgements
The paper was stimulated by the workshop “The solar activity cycle: physical causes and consequences”. It is a pleasure to thank André Balogh, Hugh Hudson, Kristof Petrovay, Rudolf von Steiger and the International Space Science Institute for financial support, excellent organization and hospitality. This work utilizes Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network data which is run by School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham. This work utilizes GONG data obtained by the NSO Integrated Synoptic Program (NISP), managed by the National Solar Observatory, which is operated by AURA, Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The data were acquired by instruments operated by the Big Bear Solar Observatory, High Altitude Observatory, Learmonth Solar Observatory, Udaipur Solar Observatory, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, and Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory. SOHO is a mission of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. The Solar Oscillations Investigation (SOI) involving MDI was supported by NASA grant NNX09AI90G to Stanford University. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. HMI data courtesy of NASA and the HMI consortium; HMI is supported by NASA contract NAS5-02139 to Stanford University. NSO/Kitt Peak data used here were produced cooperatively by NSF/NOAO, NASA/GSFC, and NOAA/SEL; SOLIS data are produced cooperatively by NSF/NSO and NASA/LWS. A-MB thanks the Institute of Advanced Study, University of Warwick for their support. RH acknowledges computing support from the National Solar Observatory. A. Norton is supported by NASA Contract NAS5-02139 (HMI) to Stanford University. We thank N. Featherstone and R. Komm for their help.
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Broomhall, AM., Chatterjee, P., Howe, R. et al. The Sun’s Interior Structure and Dynamics, and the Solar Cycle. Space Sci Rev 186, 191–225 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-014-0101-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-014-0101-3