Abstract
Solar modulation potential (SMP) reconstructions based on cosmogenic nuclide records reflect changes in the open solar magnetic field and can therefore help us obtain information on the behaviour of the open solar magnetic field over the Holocene period. We aim at comparing the Sun’s large-scale magnetic field behaviour over the last three solar cycles with variations in the SMP reconstruction through the Holocene epoch. To achieve these objectives, we use the IntCal13 14C data to investigate distinct patterns in the occurrences of grand minima and maxima during the Holocene period. We then check whether these patterns might mimic the recent solar magnetic activity by investigating the evolution of the energy in the Sun’s large-scale dipolar magnetic field using the Wilcox Solar Observatory data. The cosmogenic radionuclide data analysis shows that \({\approx}\,71\ \%\) of grand maxima during the period from 6600 BC to 1650 AD were followed by a grand minimum. The characteristics of the occurrences of grand maxima and minima are consistent with the scenario in which the dynamical non-linearity induced by the Lorentz force leads the Sun to act as a relaxation oscillator. This finding implies that the probability for these events to occur is non-uniformly distributed in time, as there is a memory in their driving mechanism, which can be identified via the back-reaction of the Lorentz force.
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Notes
This maximum corresponds to the period of relatively high solar activity which began with Solar Cycle 15 in 1914. It reached a maximum in Solar Cycle 19 during the late 1950s.
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Acknowledgements
Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by the Danish National Research Foundation (Grant agreement no.: DNRF106). FI acknowledges M. DeRosa for providing his code for calculations of the energy in the large-scale dipole magnetic field of the Sun. RS acknowledges the support from the PiCARD collaboration. MFK, CK and JO acknowledge support from the Carlsberg Foundation and Villum Foundation. We would like to thank T. Hoeksema for free access to the WSO information.
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Inceoglu, F., Simoniello, R., Knudsen, M.F. et al. On the Current Solar Magnetic Activity in the Light of Its Behaviour During the Holocene. Sol Phys 291, 303–315 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-015-0805-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-015-0805-x