Abstract
Most research on sexual prejudice has focused on Western and Christian samples. Using the framework of social identity theory, we investigated the relations among gender, contact, religiosity, and sexual prejudice in a sample of 166 heterosexual Muslim individuals (70.7% from Saudi Arabia) residing in the United States. Consistent with prior research, men reported higher levels of prejudice than women did, especially toward gay men. Higher levels of religiosity predicted higher levels of sexual prejudice for both men and women, but the association was stronger for women. Additionally, more frequent and positive contact with friends and/or family members who were lesbian or gay predicted less sexual prejudice. However, contact was more strongly associated with less sexual prejudice in women than in men. Exploratory analyses revealed that more time spent in the United Sates predicted lower levels of sexual prejudice, and participants from Saudi Arabia reported more sexual prejudice than Muslims from other countries. The current research contributes to the understanding of factors that influence sexual prejudice within Islam and sheds light on the heterogeneity of attitudes within this group of individuals. Furthermore, our findings may help inform efforts to decrease sexual prejudice and increase awareness, advocacy, and future research within Islamic cultures.
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Acknowledgements
The present data are based on the first author’s dissertation. Portions of these results were presented at the Association for Psychological Science, Chicago, Illinois on May 26-29, 2016.
We thank Dr. June Sprock and Dr. Liz O’Laughlin for their thoughtful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript, as well as Suzan Shaffer and Mariam Hamdan for their efforts in translating and back-translating the measures used in our study.
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This manuscript is not under consideration for publication anywhere else nor has it been published previously in whole or in part. Our study was approved by Indiana State University’s Institutional Review Board and we followed American Psychological Association ethical guidelines in conducting our research.
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Yeck, A.T., Anderson, V.N. Homosexuality as Haram: Relations among Gender, Contact, Religiosity, and Sexual Prejudice in Muslim Individuals. Sex Roles 81, 192–207 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0989-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0989-2