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A double sulfonated mesoporous polydivinylbenzene as a solid acid to catalyze the condensation of phenol and cyclohexanone

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Abstract

Sulfonated mesoporous polydivinylbenzene was prepared by different sulfonation methods and then as a solid acid to catalyze the condensation of phenol and cyclohexanone. The physicochemical properties of the solid acid were characterized by BET, FT-IR, SEM, TG, XRD and acid–base titration; then, the structure–activity relationship of the solid acid was studied. It was found that the catalyst had a sponge like microstructure with the specific surface area of 395 m2/g and average pore diameter of 14.1 nm. The acid–base titration result showed that the acid density of mesoporous polydivinylbenzene solid acid prepared by double sulfonation (D-SPDVB) was the highest, reaching 4.62 mmol H+/g. The catalytic result showed that D-SPDVB had better catalytic performance than Amberlyst-15, sulfuric acid and other traditional Brønsted acids due to its high acid density and suitable pore structure. More importantly, D-SPDVB had good stability, and its catalytic performance did not decrease significantly after reused 5 times.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Startup Foundation for Doctors of Yan'an University (YAU202303842 and YAU202213104) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22168040 and 22162025) and the Project of Science and Technology Office of Shaanxi Province (No. 2022JM-062).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, 580 Shengdi Ave., Yan’an, People’s Republic of China

    Ning Wei, Li Guo & Danjun Wang

  2. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Tong Chen & Gongying Wang

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  1. Ning Wei
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  2. Li Guo
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  3. Danjun Wang
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  4. Tong Chen
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  5. Gongying Wang
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Contributions

NW was involved in investigation, material preparation, data collection and analysis, writing the original draft and funding acquisition. LG and DW took part in review and funding acquisition. TC and GW participated in data analysis, methodology and review. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ning Wei or Tong Chen.

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Wei, N., Guo, L., Wang, D. et al. A double sulfonated mesoporous polydivinylbenzene as a solid acid to catalyze the condensation of phenol and cyclohexanone. Res Chem Intermed 50, 839–852 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-023-05175-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-023-05175-4

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