Skip to main content
Log in

Relationship of Phase and Chemical Compositions of Durable Ceramic Material from the Fortification Wall of the City of Thessaloniki (Greece) Aged More Than 1,000 Years

  • Published:
Refractories and Industrial Ceramics Aims and scope

The chemical and phase compositions of a ceramic material (plinth) aged more than 1,000 years that was used to construct the fortress wall were studied. Elemental analyses determined that the material had an increased carbon content of 9.50%, indicating that fuel was introduced into the raw material. This not only increased the porosity of the products but also contributed to uniform sintering of the ceramic shard and formed a glass phase up to 1000°C with an increased content of alkali oxides (R2O > 4%).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. V. Z. Abdrakhimov, “Effect of the phase composition on the durability of ceramic facing of the Shakhi-Zinda ensemble in Samarkand,” Steklo Keram., No. 3, 38 – 40 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  2. V. Z. Abdrakhimov and E. S. Abdrakhimova, “Interrelation of the phase composition and durability of more than 800 year old brick for the example of the Kazan kremlin,” Steklo Keram., No. 2, 34 – 38 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  3. V. Z. Abdrakhimov, “Relation between the phase composition and durability of ceramic brick older than 600 yr at the Ipat’evskii monastery,” Steklo Keram., No. 3, 29 – 32 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  4. E. S. Abdrakhimova and V. Z. Abdrakhimov, “Chemical, phase compositions and porosity structure of the plinth brick of the White Tower (Greece) of age greater than 450 yr,” Steklo Keram., No. 4, 40 – 43 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  5. V. F. Pavlov, Physicochemical Principles of Annealing Construction Ceramic Items [in Russian], Stroiizdat, 1977, 272 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  6. B. I. Vinogradov, Petrography of Synthetic Porous Fillers [in Russian], Izd. Literatury po Stroitel’stvu, Moscow, 1972, 135 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  7. G. I. Litvinova, V. P. Pirozhkova, and A. K. Petrov, Petrography of Nonmetallic Inclusions [in Russian], Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1972, 184 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  8. S. Zh. Saibulatov, S. T. Suleimenov, and A. V. Ralko, Ash-Ceramic Wall Materials [in Russian], Nauka, Alma-Ata, 1982, 292 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  9. V. I. Vereshchagin, A. E. Buruchenko, and V. K. Men’shikova, “Shrink-free facing ceramic material based on diopside raw material,” Sovrem. Probl. Nauki Obraz., No. 1, No. 1, 18 – 25 (2015).

  10. E. S. Abdrakhimova and V. Z. Abdrakhimov, “Use of wollastonite in the production of ceramic articles,” Materialovedenie, No. 10, 47 – 52 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  11. V. Z. Abdrakhimov, “Wollastonite in ceramic materials,” Ogneupory Tekh. Keram., No. 7, 41 – 47 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. V. Abdrakhimov, I. V. Kovkov, and V. Z. Abdrakhimov, “Investigation by a regression method of the influence of wollastonite on the physicomechanical parameters of tile,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Stroit., No. 8, 29 – 34 (2007).

  13. V. P. Petrov, E. D. Belyankina, B. Z. Chistyakov, and V. V. Kozyrev, Wollastonite [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow, 1982, 112 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  14. V. F. Pavlov, “Transformation features of silica in clays,” Tr. NIIstroikeramiki, No. 38, 3 – 11 (1973).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D. S. Belyankin, B. V. Ivanov, and V. V. Lapin, Petrography of Industrial Rock [in Russian], AN SSSR, Moscow, 1952, 582 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  16. I. S. Kainarskii and N. G. Orlova, Physicochemical Principles of Ceramics [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow, 1956, 128 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. S. Abdrakhimova, A. V. Abdrakhimov, and V. Z. Abdrakhimov, “Polymorphic transformations of SiO2 in clayey materials of various chemical and mineralogical composition,” Materialovedenie, No. 7, 35 – 41 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  18. V. Z. Abdrakhimov, V. V. Shevando, E. V. Vdovin, et al., “Polymorphic transformations of quartz in clays of various chemical and mineralogical composition,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Stroit., No. 6, 40 – 47 (2007).

  19. G. V. Kukolev, Chemistry of Silicon and Physical Chemistry of Silicates [in Russian], Vysshaya Shkola, Moscow, 1966, 250 pp.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. S. Abdrakhimova.

Additional information

Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 9, pp. 56 – 59, September, 2020.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abdrakhimova, E.S., Abdrakhimov, V.Z. Relationship of Phase and Chemical Compositions of Durable Ceramic Material from the Fortification Wall of the City of Thessaloniki (Greece) Aged More Than 1,000 Years. Refract Ind Ceram 61, 536–539 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11148-021-00516-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11148-021-00516-5

Keywords

Navigation