Skip to main content
Log in

Structure of certain level 2 standard modules for \(A_5^{(2)}\) and the Göllnitz–Gordon identities

  • Published:
The Ramanujan Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We employ the technique of Lepowsky–Wilson Z-algebras to analyze the structure of certain level 2 standard modules for the affine Lie algebra \(A_5^{(2)}\) that are contained in the tensor product of two inequivalent level 1 standard modules for \(A_5^{(2)}\). As a corollary, we obtain a vertex-operator-theoretic interpretation of the Göllnitz–Gordon identities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Andrews, G.E.: A generalization of the Göllnitz–Gordon partition theorems. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 18, 945–952 (1967)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Andrews, G.E.: On \(q\)-difference equations for certain well-poised basic hypergeometric series. Q. J. Math. Oxf. Ser. (2) 19, 433–447 (1968)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Andrews, G.E.: On the General Rogers–Ramanujan Theorem. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 152. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1974)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Andrews, G.E.: The Theory of Partitions. Addison-Wesley, Reading (1976) (Cambridge University Press, Reissued, 1998)

  5. Bos, M.K.: Coding the principal character formula for affine Kac–Moody Lie algebras. Math. Comput. 72(244), 2001–2012 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Bos, M.K., Misra, K.C.: Level two representations of \(A^{(2)}_7\) and Rogers–Ramanujan identities. Commun. Algebra 22(10), 3965–3983 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Bos, M.K., Misra, K.C.: An application of crystal bases to representations of affine Lie algebras. J. Algebra 173(2), 436–458 (1995)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Capparelli, S.: On some representations of twisted affine Lie algebras and combinatorial identities. J. Algebra 154, 335–355 (1993)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Capparelli, S.: A construction of the level 3 modules for the affine Lie algebra \(A_2^{(2)}\) and a new combinatorial identity of the Rogers–Ramanujan type. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 348, 481–501 (1996)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Coulson, B., Kanade, S., Lepowsky, J., McRae, R., Qi, F., Russell, M.C., Sadowski, C.: A motivated proof of the Göllnitz–Gordon–Andrews identities. Ramanujan J. (2015). doi:10.1007/s11139-015-9722-8

  11. Figueiredo, L.: Calculus of Principally Twisted Vertex Operators. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 371. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1987)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Frenkel, I.B., Lepowsky, J., Meurman, A.: Vertex Operator Algebras and the Monster. Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 134. Academic Press, Boston (1988)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Göllnitz, H.: Partitionen mit Differenzenbedingungen. J. Reine Angew. Math. 225, 154–190 (1967)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Gordon, B.: A combinatorial generalization of the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. Am. J. Math. 83, 393–399 (1961)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Gordon, B.: Some continued fractions of the Rogers–Ramanujan type. Duke Math. J. 32, 741–748 (1965)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Kac, V.: Infinite Dimensional Lie Algebras, 3rd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1990)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Kanade, S.: Some results on the representation theory of vertex operator algebras and integer partition identities. Ph.D. thesis, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick (2015)

  18. Lepowsky, J.: Calculus of twisted vertex operators. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82(24), 8295–8299 (1985)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Lepowsky, J.: Some developments in vertex operator algebra theory, old and new. In: Huang, Y.-Z., Misra, K.C. (eds.) Lie Algebras, Vertex Operator Algebras and Their Applications, pp. 355–387. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Lepowsky, J., Li, H.: Introduction to Vertex Operator Algebras and Their Representations. Progress in Mathematics, vol. 227. Birkhäuser Boston, Boston (2004)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Lepowsky, J., Milne, S.: Lie algebraic approaches to classical partition identities. Adv. Math. 29, 15–59 (1978)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Lepowsky, J., Primc, M.: Structure of the Standard Modules for the Affine Algebra \(A^{(1)}_1\). Contemporary Mathematics, vol. 46, p. 1. Springer, New York (1985)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Lepowsky, J., Wilson, R.L.: Construction of the affine Lie algebra \(A_1^{(1)}\). Commun. Math. Phys. 62, 43–53 (1978)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Lepowsky, J., Wilson, R.L.: A new family of algebras underlying the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 7254–7258 (1981)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Lepowsky, J., Wilson, R.L.: The structure of standard modules, I: universal algebras and the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. Invent. Math. 77, 199–290 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Lepowsky, J., Wilson, R.L.: The structure of standard modules, II: the case \(A_1^{(1)}\), principal gradation. Invent. Math. 79, 417–442 (1985)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Mandia, M.: Structure of the Level One Standard Modules for the Affine Lie Algebras \(B_l^{(1)}\), \(F_4^{(1)}\) and \(G_2^{(1)}\). Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 65. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1987)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Meurman, A., Primc, M.: Annihilating ideals of standard modules of \({\mathfrak{sl}}(2,\mathbb{C})^{\widetilde{}}\) and combinatorial identities. Adv. Math. 64(3), 177–240 (1987)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Meurman, A., Primc, M.: Annihilating Fields of Standard Modules of \({\mathfrak{s}l }(2,\mathbb{C})^{\widetilde{ }}\) and Combinatorial Identities. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 652. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1999)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Meurman, A., Primc, M.: A basis of the basic \(\mathfrak{sl}(3,\mathbb{C})^{\sim }\)-module. Commun. Contemp. Math. 3(4), 593–614 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Misra, K.C.: Structure of certain standard modules for \(A_n^{(1)}\) and the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. J. Algebra 88, 196–227 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Misra, K.C.: Structure of some standard modules for \(C_n^{(1)}\). J. Algebra 90, 385–409 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. Misra, K.C.: Level one standard modules for affine symplectic Lie algebras. Math. Ann. 287, 287–302 (1990)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Misra, K.C.: Level two standard \(A_n^{(1)}\)-modules. J. Algebra 137, 56–76 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Nandi, D.: Partition identities arising from standard \(A_2^{(2)}\)-modules of level 4, Ph.D. thesis, Rutgers University (2014)

  36. Sills, A., Weisstein, E.W.: Göllnitz–Gordon identities, from MathWorld—A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Goellnitz-GordonIdentities.html (2008)

  37. Tamba, M.: Structure of the level two standard modules for the affine Lie algebra \(D^{(3)}_4\). Commun. Algebra 21(3), 1037–1041 (1993)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Tamba, M.: Level two standard \(D^{(2)}_{l+1}\)-modules. J. Algebra 166(3), 651–666 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This paper is a part of my Ph.D. thesis [17] completed at Rutgers University. I wish to express my sincere gratitude toward my advisor James Lepowsky for his invaluable guidance and endless support. I thank Robert McRae, Debajyoti Nandi, Matthew Russell, and Andrew Sills for stimulating discussions. I thank the referee for carefully reading the manuscript and for suggesting valuable changes.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shashank Kanade.

Additional information

Currently supported by a PIMS Post-doctoral Fellowship awarded by The Pacific Institute for the Mathematical Sciences.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kanade, S. Structure of certain level 2 standard modules for \(A_5^{(2)}\) and the Göllnitz–Gordon identities. Ramanujan J 45, 873–893 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11139-016-9875-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11139-016-9875-0

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation