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Gender differences in the longitudinal association between husbands' and wives' depressive symptoms among Korean older adults: the moderating effects of the spousal relationship

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Abstract

Purpose

The mutual effects of depressive symptoms between couples have long been reported; however, it remains unknown whether the spousal concordance in depressive symptoms differs depending on spousal relationships.

Method

Data on 291 married couples from the Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (KSHAP) were examined. The KSHAP collected global network data from the target population living in one Korean village over eight years and across five waves. A seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model in the panel data was employed to address correlations and heterogeneity.

Results

If one spouse (husband or wife) had depressive symptoms, the other spouse tended to have depressive symptoms. However, the effect of marital relations on spousal concordance in depressive symptoms was different among husbands and wives. This study demonstrated both spousal support and spousal network aspects of spousal relationships. Depression concordance was stronger for couples with more negative marital relationship. A supportive marital relationship was associated with less concordance between spouses’ depressive symptoms for wives but not for husbands. Spousal network overlap was associated with less depression concordance for husbands; however, for wives, spousal network overlap was directly associated with more depressive symptoms and did not mediate the association with depression concordance.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that approaches to supporting older adults dealing with mental health disorders may involve support at both the individual and couple levels. Gender-specific strategies could also be devised to improve the mental well-being of the older population.

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Data availability

All data were formulated as anonymous and encrypted. The anonymous datasets of Baseline and Wave 3 were registered in the Korean Social Science Data Archive (https://kossda.snu.ac.kr/). The data sets used and analyzed in the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017S1A3A2067165) and the Yonsei University Research Grant of 2020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Jiwon Baek

  2. Department of Sociology, Yonsei University College of Social Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Yoosik Youm

  3. Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea

    Hyeon Chang Kim

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Jiwon Baek, Yoosik Youm, and Hyeon Chang Kim declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Yonsei University’s institutional review board approved this study (YUIRB-2011-012-01 in 2011; 1040917-201505-SB-152-05 in 2014; 7001988-201806-HRBR-244-04 in 2016; 7001988-201812-HR-505-02 in 2018).

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Baek, J., Youm, Y. & Kim, H.C. Gender differences in the longitudinal association between husbands' and wives' depressive symptoms among Korean older adults: the moderating effects of the spousal relationship. Qual Life Res 30, 3535–3546 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-021-02894-2

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