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Effects of long-term multicomponent exercise on health-related quality of life in older adults with type 2 diabetes: evidence from a cohort study

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Abstract

Purpose

To establish the effect of a long-term multicomponent exercise (LTMEX) intervention (24 months) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods

This longitudinal retrospective cohort study analyzes the effects of a supervised LTMEX program on HRQoL in older adults with T2D (n = 279). Participants underwent one of two conditions: LTMEX (n = 241) trained three times per week; and unchanged lifestyle—the control group (CO; n = 38). Participants completed baseline, and 2-year follow-up evaluations including the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36), anthropometric, hemodynamic components, and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak).

Results

LTMEX improves HRQoL, specifically physical functioning (P < 0.001), general health (P < 0.05), vitality (P < 0.001), mental health (MH; P < 0.05), physical component score (P < 0.001), mental component score (P < 0.001), and total SF-36 (P < 0.001). LTMEX group also decreased body weight (BW; P < 0.005), waist circumference (WC; P < 0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; P < 0.001), and systolic blood pressure (SBP; P < 0.001), and increased VO2 peak (P < 0.001). CO group increased WC (P = 0.012), BMI (P = 0.024), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; P = 0.003) and SBP (P < 0.001), and decreased vitality (P < 0.001) and MH (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

A LTMEX intervention improves physical and mental HRQoL in older adults with T2D, and also anthropometric, hemodynamic profile, and cardiorespiratory fitness.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to all medical interns of Santa Maria da Feira for their technical support, especially to Doctor Nunes Sousa and Macedo Coelho, to Santa Maria da Feira Council with a special greeting to Social Division, to Dra. Manuela Coelho and Francisco Rocha for the disposable and availability to the study prosecution in the community exercise program “Movimento e bem-estar”; to all physical education professionals in the exercise program, and finally, we also thank all the participants who gave literally their physical and mental contributions.

Authors contributions

L. C. B. contributed to the study concept and design, acquisition of data, critical revisions of the manuscript for important intellectual content, and administrative, technical, and material support; analyzed and interpreted data; drafted the manuscript. G.D. and N.R.S. contributed to the acquisition of data, critical revisions of the manuscript for important intellectual content. M.T.V contributed critical revisions of the manuscript for important intellectual content. R.A.M. contributed to the study concept and design, contributed with critical revisions of the manuscript for important intellectual content, analyzed and interpreted the data, drafted the manuscript, and conducted the statistical analysis and study supervision. L.C.B. is guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Funding

This study was funded by a Portuguese grant from Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (SFRH/BD/90221/2012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, Pavilhão 3, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal

    Liliana C. Baptista, Gonçalo Dias, Nelba R. Souza, Manuel T. Veríssimo & Raul A. Martins

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  1. Liliana C. Baptista
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Correspondence to Liliana C. Baptista.

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Baptista, L.C., Dias, G., Souza, N.R. et al. Effects of long-term multicomponent exercise on health-related quality of life in older adults with type 2 diabetes: evidence from a cohort study. Qual Life Res 26, 2117–2127 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1543-3

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