Abstract
The growing interest in street children’s research in the field of urban and regional planning has been influenced by the renewed recognition of the importance of the spatial context of social issues. This paper is a recount of the author’s fieldwork experience supported by existing theoretical, conceptual and historical literature in dealing with the methodological and ethical issues in research with street children. The author reflected on the definitional problem of the subject matter, the research design, the sampling dilemma, and the sapiential strategies of engaging children and data analytical issues. The imperative of the definitional clarity, the integrity of drawing data from more than one vantage position and the importance of cultural immersion were accentuated. The paper also reinforced the sensitiveness of ethical issues in researching street children. Although the author’s recital in this paper contributes to knowledge in street children research in any discipline, it is more beneficial to researchers in urban and regional planning and related academic fields.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adeboyejo, A. T., Onyeonoru, I. O.:Urban residential density and adolescent sexuality and reproductive health in Oyo State, Nigeria. A report submitted to the Union of African Population Studies (UAPS) Dakar, Senegal (2002)
Adedibu, A.A.: Begging and poverty in third world cities a case study of ilorin, Nigeria. Ilorin J. Bus. Soc. Sci (IJBSS). 1, 25–40 (1989)
Adigun,F. O.:Spatio-temporal analysis of urban crime in selected Nigerian cities" unpublished PhD. Thesis, department of urban and regional planning, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria (2012)
Arksey, H., Knight, P.: Interviewing for Social Scientists. Sage Publications, London (1999)
Barker, J., Weller, S.: “Is it fun?” Developing children centred research methods. Int. J. Sociol. Soc. Policy 23(1/2), 33–58 (2003)
Barnett, A.M., Quackenbush, W.S., Pierce, K.L.: Perceptions of and reactions to the homeless: a survey of fourth-grade, high school and college students in a small Midwestern community. J. Soc. Distress Homeless 6(4), 283–302 (1997)
Carter, K.A., Beaulieu, L.J.: Conducting A Community Needs Assessment: Primary Data Collection Techniques. University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville (1992)
Cassell, C., Symon, G.: Essential Guide To Qualitative Methods In Organizational Research. SAGE, London (2004)
Christensen, P., James, A. (eds.): Research with Children-Perspectives and Practices. Falmer Press, London (2000)
Conroy, R.:Sample size: A rough guide. (2006). http://www.beaumontethics.ie/docs/application/samplesizecalculation.pdf
Consortium for street children: “NGO shadow report for the united nations committee on the right of the child, 54th Session: Nigeria” prepared by consortium for street children (2009)
Cozby, P.C.: Methods in Behavioural Research. McGraw-Hill, New York (2004)
Cumber, S.N., Tsoka-Gwegweni, J.M.: Characteristics of street children in cameroon: a situational analysis of demographic, socio-economic and behavioural profiles and challenges. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. (2016). https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v8i1.1076
Davis, J.: Understanding the meanings of children: A reflexive process. Child. Soc. 12(5), 336–348 (1998)
Davis, B., Dossetor, K.: (Mis) perceptions of crime in Australia. Trends Issues Crime Crim. Justice 396, 1–6 (2010)
De Leeuw, E. D.:Improving data quality when surveying children and adolescents: Cognitive and social development and its role in questionnaire construction and pretesting. report prepared for the annual meeting of the academy of finland: research programs public health challenges and health and welfare of children and young people. Naantali Finland, May 10–12 2011
Dimenstein, G.: Brazil: “War on Children.” Latin American Bureau, London (1991)
Docherty, S., Sandelowski, M.: Focus on qualitative methods: Interviewing children. Res. Nurs. Health 22, 177–185 (1999)
Ennew, J.: Difficult circumstances: some reflections on ‘street children’ in Africa. Child. Youth Environ. 13(1), 128–46 (2003)
Ogunkan, D.V., "Spatial and socio-economic correlates of street children in Ibadan, Nigeria”. An unpublished MTech Dissertation, department of urban and regional Planning, Ladoke Akintola university of technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria (2014)
Faloore, O.O.: Social network & livelihood of street children in ibadan, Nigeria. Int. J. Socio. Author. 1(5), 082–089 (2009)
Fargas-Malet, M., McSherry, D., Larkin, E., Robinson, C.: Research with children: methodological issues and innovative techniques. J. early child. res. 8(2), 175–192 (2010)
Fawole, A.O., Ogunkan, D.V., Adegoke, G.S.: Sexual behavior and perception of HIV/AIDS in Nigerian tertiary institutions: university of Ilorin a case study. Glob. J. Human Soc. Sci. 11, 1 (2010)
Ford, C.: The National Head Count of Street Children in Sierra Leone Headcount report by Street Child of Sierra Leone. StreetInvest, London (2012)
Gallagher, M.: Ethics. In: E.K, Tisdall., J. Davis., M. Gallagher.(Eds.), Researching with children and young (2009)
Griesbach, M., Guizar, B., Sauri Suárez, G.: Con la Calle en las Vena. Fundación Ednica, Mexico City (1997)
Hall, P.: Urban and Regional Planning. Taylor and Francis e-Library, New york (2002)
Hart, R.: Stepping back from the ladder reflections on a model of participatory work with children. In: Reid, A.B. (ed.) Participation and Learning Perspectives on Education and the Environment Health and Sustainability, pp. 19-31. Springer, berlin (2008)
Hassen, I., Mañus, M.R.: Socio-economic conditions of street children: the case of Shashemene town, Oromia National Regional State. Ethiopia. Int. J. Sociol. Anthropol. 10(8), 72–88 (2018)
Hatloy. A., Huser,A.: Identification of street children. Characteristics of street children in Bamako & Accra. FAFO report 474 (2005)
Heinonen, P. M. L.: Anthropology of street children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PhD thesis, department of anthropology, University of Durham (2000)
Hurley, N.: Straight Talk Working with Children and Young People in Groups. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York (1997)
Impelizieri, F.: Street Children and NGOs in Rio: A Follow-Up Study on Non-Governmental Projects. IUPERJ and AMAIS, Rio de Janeiro (1995)
Inter-NGO programme on street children and street youth “summary of proceeding".Sub-regional seminar for the Mediterranean, Marseilles, 24th-27th October (1983)
Jelili, M. O.: Spatio and socio-cultural dimension of begging in selected nigerian cities. A PhD thesis, department of urban and regional planning, Ladoke Akintola, University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria (2009)
Kangsangbata, C.: Streetism and child labour in the WA municipality of ghana: a gender analysis of drivers. Stud. Gend. Dev. Africa (2008). https://doi.org/10.4314/sigada.v2i1.44571
Kirk, S.: Methodological and ethical issues in conducting qualitative research with children and young people: a literature review. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 44, 1250–1260 (2007)
Kudrati, M., El Hag Yousif, N. D., Eltayeb, A.K., Adam Adham, A.M., Jubara, K.M., Plummer, M.L.: Children of the sug: Full-time and working street children of Khartoum, Sudan” Research Report, Khartoum (2001)
Leech, N.L., Onwuegbuzie, A.J.: An array of qualitative analysis tools: a call for data analysis triangulation. Sch. Psychol. q. 22, 557–584 (2007)
Lincoln, Y.S., Guba, E.G.: Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage, Beverly Hills (1985)
Mauthner, M.: ‘Methodological aspects of collecting data from children: lessons from three research projects. Child. Soc. 11, 16–28 (1997)
Mayall, B.: Towards a Sociology for Childhood. Thinking from children's lives. Maidenhead: Open University Press, London (2002)
Morgan, M., Gibbs, S., Maxwell, K., Britten, N.: Hearing children’s voices: Methodological issues in conducting focus groups with children aged 7–11 years. Qual. Res. 2(1), 5–20 (2002)
Morrow, V., Richards, M.: The ethics of social research with children: an overview. Child. Soc. 10, 90–105 (1996)
Muchini, B.:A Study on Street Children in Zimbabwe. (2001). Retrieved March 6, 2013, from http://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_23256.html
O’Dea, J.A.: Why do kids eat healthful food? Perceived benefits of and barriers to healthful eating and physical activity among children and adolescents. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 103(4), 497–501 (2003)
Ogunkan, D.V., Adeboyejo, A.T.: Gender dimension of street children in Ibadan, Nigeria. Scott. J. Arts Soc. Sci. Sci. Stud. 15(2), 89–10 (2013)
Ogunkan, D.V., Adeboyejo, A.T.: Public perception of street children in ibadan. iFE Psychol. 22(1), 39–49 (2014)
Ogunkan, D.V., Jelili, M.O.: The influence of land use on spatial variation of begging in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. J. Geogr. Reg. Plann. 3(4), 73–83 (2010)
Ogunkan D. V., Solabi W.I.: locational influence of incidence of child streetism in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. Proceedings of international conference on technological advancement, Bells University of Technology, Ota, 201, 18–21 November (2019)
Onwuegbuzie, A.J., Dickinson, W.B., Leech, N., Zoran, A.G.: "A qualitative framework for collecting and analysing data in focus group research. Int. J. Qual. Method. 8(3), 1–21 (2009)
Onyeonoru, I.P., Adeboyejo, A.T.: A multivariate analysis of adolescent sexualbehaviour in southwestern Nigeria. IFE Psychol. Int. J. 15(1), 53–76 (2007)
Owoaje, E.T., Adebiyi, A.O., Asuzu, M.C.: Socio-demographic characteristics of street children in rural communities undergoing urbanisation. Amals Ibadan Postgrad. Med. 7(1), 10–5 (2009)
Panter-Brick, C.: Street children and their peers: perspectives on homelessness, poverty, and health. In: Schwartzman, H. (ed.) Children and Anthropology: Perspectives for the 21st Century. Bergin & Garvey, Westport (2001)
Pinzon-Rondon, A.M., Hofferth, S., Briceno, L.: Children working in the streets of Colombian cities. Differ. Pathwa. Str. Lead Differ. Popul. Child. Youth Serv. Rev. 30(12), 117–1424 (2008)
Poonam, R.N., Seema, S.B.G., Ratnendra, R.S., Abhay, S.N.: Street children of Mumbai: demographic profile and substance abuse. Biomed. Res. 22(4), 445–498 (2011)
Thomas, N., O’Kane, C.: ‘The ethics of participatory research with children. Child. Soc. 12, 336–48 (1998)
Tipple, G., Speak, S.: Attitudes to and interventions in Homelessness: insights from an International Study. (2004).http://www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca/pdfs/housingconference/Tipple-Speak_Attitudes- Home.pdf
Van Blerk, L.: Diversity and differences in the everyday lives of ugandan street children. Soc. Dyn. 32(1), 47–74 (2006)
Funding
Self-funded
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Sole authorship
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
I declare there is no potential conflict of interest regarding the publication of this work.
Consent for publication
I give my consent for the publication of this manuscript.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ogunkan, D.V. Methodological and ethical issues in research with street children: an urban and regional planner’s perspectives. Qual Quant 56, 1139–1158 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01169-9
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01169-9