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Comparative Nutritional Analysis of Improved and Local Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Cultivars

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Abstract

Chickpeas have large variations in their types and nutrient composition, owing to diverse environmental conditions, breeding techniques, and cultivars. Thirty-one improved varieties of chickpeas bred for various agronomic traits like high yield, resistance to diseases, and tolerance to abiotic stress were analyzed for their nutrient composition, along with two local varieties. They were found to be rich in proteins (16.09–26.22 g/100 g) and dietary fiber (10.33–26.33 g/100 g) with moderate amounts of available carbohydrates (34.20–54.72 g/100 g) and to have a significant quantity of minerals like calcium (127.50–183.86 mg/100 g), iron (4.55–8.33 mg/100 g), and phosphorous (285.92–528.31 mg/100 g). They were found to be similar (fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber) or statistically higher (protein, ash) than the local varieties for all the nutrient parameters that were analyzed. A significant difference was also found between the desi and kabuli varieties, where the desi variety was found to have significantly lower fat and available carbohydrates but high dietary fiber content. This study signifies that the varietal differences in nutritional composition are significant in chickpeas. Varieties like Sasho, ICCV 96030, and Teketay showed desirable nutritional qualities associated with moisture, protein, dietary fiber, and minerals like zinc, phosphorous, iron, copper, and calcium. This data will be beneficial for manufacturers in the product development and value addition industries for the selection of varieties ideal for their needs since the nutrient component also confers several functional and physiochemical properties to the chickpea seed besides providing a nutritionally diverse diet.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Telangana, India, for providing the chickpea samples.

Funding

This work was supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)—National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India (grant number, FCD01).

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  1. Department of Dietetics, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India

    Shreyas Elma Mathew, Sumi M S & Devindra Shakappa

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  1. Shreyas Elma Mathew
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  2. Sumi M S
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Contributions

Shreyas Elma Mathew: Sample preparation, analysis, drafting the original manuscript, and editing. Sumi M S: Sample preparation, analysis. Devindra Shakappa: Study design, funding acquisition, sample procurement, and supervision.

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Correspondence to Devindra Shakappa.

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Mathew, S.E., M S, S. & Shakappa, D. Comparative Nutritional Analysis of Improved and Local Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Cultivars. Plant Foods Hum Nutr (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01181-y

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