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End-to-end entanglement establishment with lower latency in quantum networks

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Abstract

In this paper, we consider to solve the problem of reducing the end-to-end quantum entanglement establishment latency in quantum networks. In some existing schemes, “doubling” entanglement swapping (ES) method is usually utilized in a nested quantum repeater structure, while we investigate parallel-measurement techniques. We propose a protocol for end-to-end entanglement establishment in a quantum network where heterogeneous Bell pairs are previously shared on physical links. The protocol is proven to be feasible theoretically in a generalized scenario with multiple quantum repeater nodes. A general decision mechanism is developed for the destination node to read out the state of end-to-end quantum entanglement locally based on knowledge of the received measurement outcomes and entangled links information. Numerical evaluation shows that our protocol outperforms the “doubling” ES scheme regarding to the end-to-end entanglement establishment latency.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Tran Phuong Thao and Rie Shigetomi Yamaguchi from The University of Tokyo for valuable discussions during this investigation. This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China Project (No. 2021ZD0301300) and the China Telecom Corporation Limited Project (No. T-2023-26).

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  1. Qi Zhao, Tianqi Dou, Yuheng Xie, Jianjun Tang have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. China Telecom Corporation Limited Research Institute, No. 3 Penglaiyuannanjie, Changping District, Beijing, 102209, China

    Na Chen, Qi Zhao, Tianqi Dou, Yuheng Xie & Jianjun Tang

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  1. Na Chen
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  2. Qi Zhao
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  3. Tianqi Dou
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Correspondence to Na Chen.

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Chen, N., Zhao, Q., Dou, T. et al. End-to-end entanglement establishment with lower latency in quantum networks. Quantum Inf Process 23, 33 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-023-04241-5

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