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PTSD’s Underlying Dimensions in Typhoon Haiyan Survivors: Assessing DSM-5 Symptomatology-Based PTSD Models and Their Relation to Posttraumatic Cognition

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Abstract

The recent changes in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) call for a re-examination of PTSD’s latent factor structure. The present study assessed six competing models of PTSD based on DSM-5 symptomatology using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of young adult Filipino survivors of typhoon Haiyan, one of the strongest typhoons in the world ever recorded at the time of its landfall (N = 632). Furthermore, the differential relationships of the factors of the best-fitting model with posttraumatic cognitions were also investigated. Results showed the 7-factor hybrid model of PTSD comprised of intrusion, avoidance, negative affect, anhedonia, externalizing behaviors, anxious arousal, and dysphoric arousal, to be the best fitting model. In addition, the varying degrees of relationship with posttraumatic cognitions support the distinctiveness of each factor. These findings are pertinent in light of the changes in DSM-5 PTSD symptomatology, as well as in understanding the underlying dimensions of PTSD among Asian, particularly Filipino, survivors of a natural disaster.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines

    Imelu G. Mordeno & Jennifer Gay E. Carpio

  2. De La Salle University Manila, 2401 Taft Ave., Malate, 1004, Manila, Philippines

    Ma. Jenina N. Nalipay

  3. Leyte Normal University, Tacloban City, Philippines

    Rhea Lina J. Saavedra

  4. University of the Philippines Visayas – Tacloban College, Tacloban City, Philippines

    Rhea Lina J. Saavedra

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  1. Imelu G. Mordeno
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  2. Jennifer Gay E. Carpio
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  3. Ma. Jenina N. Nalipay
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  4. Rhea Lina J. Saavedra
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Correspondence to Ma. Jenina N. Nalipay.

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All procedures performed in the studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Mordeno, I.G., Carpio, J.G.E., Nalipay, M.J.N. et al. PTSD’s Underlying Dimensions in Typhoon Haiyan Survivors: Assessing DSM-5 Symptomatology-Based PTSD Models and Their Relation to Posttraumatic Cognition. Psychiatr Q 88, 9–23 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-016-9429-z

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