Abstract
Background and aims
Enhanced silicate rock weathering (ERW) on cropland soils can increase crop yield and promote carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Applying silicate rock powder to flooded rice paddies can promote weathering, but the effects of ERW on rice production and CO2 removal rates in the field remain unclear.
Methods
We investigated the effects of adding wollastonite (CaSiO3) powder (5 t ha−1) to rice paddy plots on soil properties, rice yield, rice grain quality, grain arsenic, grain cadmium, and soil CO2 sequestration in Liaoning Province, Northeast China.
Results
Wollastonite application increased soil pH, soil available silicon (Si) content, and Si uptake by rice. Wollastonite application increased grain number by 10% per panicle (15 ± 2), total grain number by 15%, and rice yield by 12% (1.4 ± 0.1 t ha−1). After five months of rice growth, soil inorganic carbon (SIC) content in the surface soil increased by 1.20 ± 0.03 t CO2 ha−1 in wollastonite treatments. We estimated a net profit of $300 (U.S.) ha−1 from yield increase and carbon trade with wollastonite application to this paddy field.
Conclusions
Wollastonite application to paddy fields in Northeast China promoted rice yield and CO2 sequestration in the surface soil. This soil CO2 sequestration triples that from the control soil and is comparable to prior pot trials. Although field trials are needed on the limits to CO2 sequestration and rice yield increases with wollastonite application, such applications promise to increase soil CO2 sequestration and profits for a key crop.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Funding
We are grateful for the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD150080203), the Liaoning Province Science and Technology Project (2022JH2/101300128), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA28020300, XDA28090309), the Science and Technology Program of Shenyang (21–108-9–06), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (32271671), Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS to CW (2022194), Northeast Geological S&T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey (QCJJ2022-21). We thank Dr. Dongwei Liu for her kind review over this manuscript prior to submission. We thank the many staff for their assistance in sampling and analysis. The work was jointly supported by the Shenyang Farmland Station of the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN), National Observation and Research Station.
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YF, FZ, FW, and YL planned and designed the research. FW, FZ, DL, JX, YQ, DL and XC performed experiments and conducted fieldwork. FW, FZ, YF, AW, RK, ZQ, LG and YF analyzed the data. FW, FZ, EAH, YF, AW, RK, ZQ, and YF wrote and revised the manuscript.
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Wang, F., Zhu, F., Liu, D. et al. Wollastonite powder application increases rice yield and CO2 sequestration in a paddy field in Northeast China. Plant Soil (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06570-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06570-5