Abstract
Background and aims
Understanding the correlation between soil properties, species composition and diversity in veredas (Brazilian savanna palm swamps) can provide insights for managing this unique and endangered environment.
Methods
We evaluated the relationships between the distribution and composition of herbaceous, subshrub, and shrub species and soil physicochemical properties of 21 vereda sites (315 10-m transects) in Central Brazil.
Results
Our results showed high floristic alpha and beta diversity in the studied sites and significant differences in soil properties of the veredas. The proportion of exclusive species in the veredas ranged from 4 to 38%, indicating that the plant species distribution in the veredas is mosaic-like. Vereda soils were acidic, with high levels of aluminum, organic matter, and sand, but low levels of phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium. Soil phosphorus, pH, organic matter, cation saturation, and sand proportion were important in understanding veredas’ species composition (86% of the variation) and species richness (63%). Phosphorus and pH were positively correlated with species richness, whereas organic matter was negatively correlated. Organic matter, cation saturation, and sand were negatively correlated with compositional similarity, but phosphorus was positively correlated. Veredas with high floristic diversity had low fertility soils.
Conclusion
The studied veredas showed significant differences in soil properties, with some variables being key drivers in assembling significantly diverse herbaceous-shrub communities in these wetland islands surrounded by a dry matrix of the Cerrado savanna.
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Code availability
Not applicable.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the UB and IBGE herbaria staff, the taxonomist experts on the botanical families, for their support in identifying the material collected. We would like to thank Maxmiller Cardoso Ferreira for helping with the regression model analysis. We are also grateful to everyone that supported us during the field expeditions, specially to Eliel de Jesus Amaral, who participated in most of the expeditions.
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This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES), Finance Code 001. Collection of field data was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 475272/2007–2) and Distrito Federal Support Research Foundation (FAPDF 193.001.549/2017).
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NRB and CBRM developed the ideas and designed the experimental methods. NRB, DPS and CBRM collected the data. NRB and CBRM analyzed the data and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors contributed critically to the drafts and gave final approval for publication.
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Bijos, N.R., da Silva, D.P. & Munhoz, C.B.R. Soil texture and fertility determine the beta diversity of plant species in veredas in Central Brazil. Plant Soil 492, 241–259 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06168-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06168-3