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Priming effects in the rhizosphere and root detritusphere of two wet-grassland graminoids

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Abstract

Aims

The rhizosphere and root detritusphere are hotspots of microbial activity, where root-derived inputs induce intensive priming effects (PE) on soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition. These conditions for induced PE differ between rhizosphere and detritusphere and are modified by plant traits.

Methods

Continuous labelling with 13C-depleted CO2 allowed for the partitioning of plant and soil C sources of CO2 efflux and the investigation of the PE in the rhizosphere and detritusphere of slow-growing conservative Carex acuta and fast-growing acquisitive Glyceria maxima.

Results

Glyceria allocated more C into the soil, induced higher microbial activity and a larger portion of active microorganisms, and depleted mineral N stronger than Carex. Its rhizosphere PE was 2.5 times stronger than that of Carex. Root residues (detritusphere) induced negative PE at the early stage of decomposition (1–9 months). The depletion of available organic substances in the detritusphere of more easily decomposable Glyceria roots resulted in positive PE after 3 months. The PE in the detritusphere of N-poorer Carex roots was more intensive but started after 9 months.

Conclusions

The rhizosphere PE was positive and stronger than the detritusphere PE, which switched from initially negative to positive PE after depletion of available substances during few months. More productive species with faster N-uptake and higher belowground C input (here Glyceria) induce larger rhizosphere PE than slower-growing species (here Carex). The N-rich Glyceria roots decompose faster than N-poor roots of Carex and, consequently, have a lower impact on SOC dynamics and induced a smaller positive detritusphere PE.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge funding by the Czech Science Foundation (GACR, project 19-17139S). YK thanks for the support by the Tyumen Oblast Government (No. 89-DON 1), the Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University and “RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership program”. We thank our technicians Ondra Žampach, Dan Vaněk, and Lenka Čapková for their help with destructive samplings and laboratory analyses and Láďa Marek for isotopic data measurement. We thank Ryan Scott and Gabriela Scott Zemanová for the proofreading.

Funding

Funding of EK and JC-H by the project of Czech Science Foundation GACR (No. 19-17139S), funding of YK by the project of Tyumen Oblast Government (No. 89-DON 1), the Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University and “RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership program”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Eva Kaštovská & Julian Cardenas-Hernandez

  2. Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Yakov Kuzyakov

  3. Agro-Technological Institute, RUDN University, 117198, Moscow, Russia

    Yakov Kuzyakov

  4. Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, 420049, Kazan, Russia

    Yakov Kuzyakov

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  1. Eva Kaštovská
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Kaštovská, E., Cardenas-Hernandez, J. & Kuzyakov, Y. Priming effects in the rhizosphere and root detritusphere of two wet-grassland graminoids. Plant Soil 472, 105–126 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05191-6

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