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Bioactive soy isoflavones: extraction and purification procedures, potential dermal use and nanotechnology-based delivery systems

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Abstract

Isoflavones are polyphenol compounds found mainly in legumes such as soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). These compounds can be found in different chemical forms; however, the beneficial effects for skin care have been mainly credited to their free forms. This manuscript claims to review the main effects of isoflavone aglycones on the skin, the different techniques for obtaining bioactive forms from soybeans, and the interest in incorporating them into topical systems. The benefits of dermatological application of isoflavones, as anti-aging action, estrogenic activity, wound healing properties, and antiphotocarcinogenic effects are highlighted. Moreover, the advantages and drawbacks of the extraction techniques of soybeans, methods for converting glucosides into aglycones, and purification procedures are described. Different strategies to incorporate these poorly soluble compounds in conventional or nanostructured delivery systems are also discussed. Illustrative examples especially for genistein-loaded liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanocapsules and cyclodextrin complexation are reported.

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Abbreviations

CD:

Cyclodextrin

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

DPPH:

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

ER:

Estrogen receptor

HRT:

Hormone replacement therapies

IA:

Isoflavone aglycones

LogP:

Partition coefficient

MCT:

Medium chain triglycerides

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

o/w:

Oil in water

PAR-2:

Protease type 2

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RSM:

Response surface methodology

SLN:

Solid lipid nanoparticles

TGF-β1:

Transforming growth factor β1

UV:

Ultraviolet

UV–Vis:

Ultraviolet–visible

w/o:

Water in oil

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES)—Rede Nanobiotec-Brasil (grant agreement nº 902/2009) and State Foundation for Research Support (FAPERGS)—PRONEM (Grant Agreement No. 11/2206-7). M.C.N. wishes to thank CAPES for her scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil

    Marina Cardoso Nemitz, Renata Cougo Moraes, Letícia Scherer Koester, Valquiria Linck Bassani, Gilsane Lino von Poser & Helder Ferreira Teixeira

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  1. Marina Cardoso Nemitz
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  2. Renata Cougo Moraes
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  3. Letícia Scherer Koester
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  4. Valquiria Linck Bassani
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  5. Gilsane Lino von Poser
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  6. Helder Ferreira Teixeira
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Correspondence to Helder Ferreira Teixeira.

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Nemitz, M.C., Moraes, R.C., Koester, L.S. et al. Bioactive soy isoflavones: extraction and purification procedures, potential dermal use and nanotechnology-based delivery systems. Phytochem Rev 14, 849–869 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-014-9382-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-014-9382-0

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