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Comparative study of the effects of salinity and UV radiation on metabolism and morphology of the red macroalga Acanthophora spicifera (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales)

  • Published:
Photosynthetica

Abstract

Increase of harmful radiation to the Earth’s surface due to ozone depletion results in higher exposure to harmful ultraviolet- B radiation (UV), while fluctuations in seawater salinity may alter water density, ionic concentration, nutrient uptake, and osmotic pressure. This study evaluated the effects of salinity and UV on metabolism and morphology of Acanthophora spicifera (M.Vahl) Børgesen. Water with 30 and 37 psu [g(salt) kg–1(sea water)] was used for experiments during 7 d of exposure to UV (3 h per day). We demonstrated that UV treatment predisposed, irrespective of salinity, A. spicifera to a decrease in its growth rate and cell viability, as well as affected its morphological parameters. After exposure to PAR + UVA + UVB (PAB), samples showed structural changes and damage, such as increasing cell wall thickness and chloroplast disruption. Our results indicate that UV led to dramatic metabolic changes and cellular imbalances, but more remarkable changes were seen in samples exposed to high salinity.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

analysis of variance

BSA:

bovine serum albumin

CW:

cell wall

C:

chloroplast

CC:

cortical cells

cyt c :

cytochrome complex

DM:

dry mass

FM:

fresh mass

GR:

growth rates

HCA:

hierarchical clustering analysis

IPCC:

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

LM:

light microscopy

MCW:

methanol:chloroform:water

M:

mitochondria

MTP:

mitochondrial transmembrane potential

N:

nucleus

PAB:

PAR + UVA + UVB

P:

plastoglobuli

PCA:

principal component analysis

psu:

practical salinity unit [g(salt) kg–1(sea water)]

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SD:

standard deviation

S:

starch grains

SC:

subcortical cells

TB-O:

toluidine blue

TEM:

transmission electron microscopy

UVA:

UV A radiation

UVB:

UV B radiation

UVC:

UV C radiation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88049-900, CP 476, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

    D. T. Pereira, C. Simioni, L. C. Ouriques, Z. L. Bouzon & É. C. Schmidt

  2. Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88049-900, CP 476, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

    F. Ramlov & M. Maraschin

  3. Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88049-900, CP 476, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

    N. Steiner

  4. Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    F. Chow

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  1. D. T. Pereira
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  3. L. C. Ouriques
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  4. F. Ramlov
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  8. Z. L. Bouzon
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  9. É. C. Schmidt
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to É. C. Schmidt.

Additional information

Acknowledgments: The authors would like to acknowledge the staff of the Central Laboratory of Electron Microscopy (LCME), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil, for the use of their transmission electron microscope. The authors acknowledge the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) for the financial support to Éder C. Schmidt (process 473088/2013-4) and Fernanda Ramlov (process 473408/2013-9). Zenilda L. Bouzon is a CNPq Fellow. This study is part of the MSc dissertation of the first author.

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Fig. 1S. Map with the location of both sites on the island of Santa Catarina: Conceição Lagoon and Sambaqui Beach.

11099_2017_731_MOESM2_ESM.pdf

Table 1S. Two-away ANOVA for salinity (30 and 37 psu), treatment (natural, PAR and PAB treatment), and interaction between treatment and salinity for physiological and biochemical parameters of Acanthophora spicifera.

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Pereira, D.T., Simioni, C., Ouriques, L.C. et al. Comparative study of the effects of salinity and UV radiation on metabolism and morphology of the red macroalga Acanthophora spicifera (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales). Photosynthetica 56, 799–810 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-017-0731-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-017-0731-2

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