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Photoacclimation capacity in seedling and sapling of Siparuna guianensis (Siparunaeae): Response to irradiance gradient in tropical forest

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Photosynthetica

Abstract

Light is a limiting factor in plant establishment and growth in the understory of forests. In this paper, we assessed acclimation capacity of Siparuna guianensis, an early secondary successional species. We used seedlings and saplings in three regeneration areas with different irradiance regimes to determine the traits that confer photoplasticity. We examined whether these traits differ at different developmental stages. Anatomical characteristics, photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic capacity, and growth were analyzed. Multivariate component analysis revealed the formation of six clusters: three for seedlings (one for each regeneration area) and three for saplings (following the same pattern of seedlings, considering the area). Increased irradiance favored photosynthetic performance, independently of the developmental stage. The same trend was observed for most data on chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence and the ratios of net photosynthetic rate/intercellular CO2 concentration (P N/Ci) and P N/PPFD. No parameter indicated photoinhibition stress. The CO2− and light-response curve data indicated that seedlings were already acclimated to tolerate variation in irradiance. Anatomical adaptations, such as thickness of leaf blade and of adaxial cuticle, were observed in individuals growing in areas with higher irradiation. Thinning of spongy parenchyma and higher investment into a plant height were observed in seedlings, possibly due to the vertical stratification of CO2 and light in the understory; because light is a more limiting resource than CO2 in the lower stratum of the forest. Photoplasticity in S. guianensis is associated with a set of morphological, anatomical, photochemical, and biochemical traits, whereas biochemical performance is best acclimated to variation in irradiance. These traits differed in seedlings and saplings but they were modulated mainly by irradiance in both developmental stages.

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Abbreviations

ab:

abaxial surface

ad:

adaxial surface

Car:

carotenoids

CCU:

closed canopy understory

Chl:

chlorophyll

C i :

intercellular CO2 concentration

ct:

cuticle

DGL:

diameter at ground level

DMSO:

dimethylsulfoxide

ETR:

electron transport rate

FV:

final value

Fv/Fm :

maximal quantum yield of PSII

g s :

stomatal conductance

GN:

percentage gain

H:

height

ICU:

intermediate canopy understory

IV:

initial values

Jmax :

maximal electron transport rate

L s :

relative stomatal limitation to photosynthesis

NL:

number of leaves

NPQ:

nonphotochemical quenching

OCU:

open canopy understory

PCA:

principal component analysis

PC1:

first principal component

PC2:

second principal component

P N :

net photosynthetic rate

P Neff :

effective net photosynthetic rate

P NmaxC :

potential net photosynthetic capacity

P Nmax :

maximal net photosynthetic rate

P NmaxL :

maximal net photosynthetic capacity

pp:

palisade parenchyma

LSP:

light-saturation point

qP :

photochemical quenching

RH:

relative humidity

SAC:

shade adjustment coefficient

sp:

spongy parenchyma

T:

temperature

TLA:

total leaf area

TPU:

use of triose-phosphate

Vcmax :

maximal carboxylation speed of Rubisco

VPD:

vapor pressure deficit

ΔG:

delta growth

ΔF/Fm′:

effective quantum yield

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, 28013 — 602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil

    T. O. Vieira, M. S. O. Degli-Esposti & A. P. Vitória

  2. Laboratório de Inteligência em Plantas e Ecofisiologia “Ulrich Lüttge”, Universidade do Oeste Paulista Unoeste, 60455 — 970, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil

    G. M. Souza

  3. Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, 28013 — 602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil

    G. R. Rabelo & M. Da Cunha

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  1. T. O. Vieira
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  2. M. S. O. Degli-Esposti
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Vieira, T.O., Degli-Esposti, M.S.O., Souza, G.M. et al. Photoacclimation capacity in seedling and sapling of Siparuna guianensis (Siparunaeae): Response to irradiance gradient in tropical forest. Photosynthetica 53, 11–22 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-015-0073-x

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