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Quenching Studies as Important Toolkit for Exploring Binding Propensity of Metal Complexes with Serum Albumin and DNA (A Review)

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Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal Aims and scope

Coordination complexes have played an important role in medicine since ancient times; recently their pharmacological activity has been the subject of utmost interest. In this context, search for new metal-based complexes with therapeutic abilities has encouraged researchers to synthesize, characterize and explore metal complexes for pharmacological activities. During this pursuit, understanding of the mode of interactions between biological targets and potential metal complexes comes to the forefront. Among biomolecules, DNA and proteins are the chief molecular targets for drugs to circumvent various diseases. Small molecules (metal complexes) can bind with DNA and alter DNA replication, block cell division and cause cell death, making these complexes good potential candidates for the study and development of new therapeutic modalities as anti-cancer agents. Proteins such as serum albumin (SA) play an integral part in the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of drugs. Investigation of complex-protein interaction is imperative as SA plays an important part in the absorption, distribution, metabolism and efficacy of drugs. Metal complexes with biologically important ligands have got more potent activities as compared to the parent ligand. As a result, studies of the affinity and mechanisms of small molecules interacting with bio-molecules (DNA and SA) become urgent. Spectroscopic techniques are preferred over traditional methods as they are simple, quick and highly reproducible besides providing vital information regarding the nature of binding and specific binding sites present in macromolecules. In this review, emphasis is laid on the employment of optical absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy as a handy tool-kit for studying the metal complex–DNA/SA interactions with focus on the factors affecting the binding propensity and quenching techniques (absorption and fluorescence) engaged in predicting the mechanism and assessing the interactions involved.

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  1. YDoS, Punjabi University Patiala South Campus, Talwandi Sabo, India

    Anju Saini & Priti Bansal

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  1. Anju Saini
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Saini, A., Bansal, P. Quenching Studies as Important Toolkit for Exploring Binding Propensity of Metal Complexes with Serum Albumin and DNA (A Review). Pharm Chem J 56, 545–558 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11094-022-02676-1

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