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Investigation of the Apoptotic and Membrane Effects of Essential Oils Obtained from Wild and Cultured Forms of Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietswaart on Epidermoid Cancer (A-431) Cells

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Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal Aims and scope

Plants, which are used for many different purposes, can be unconsciously collected and destroyed from nature so as to disappear over the years. Since Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietswaart (Lamiaceae), which is endemic to Turkey, is used abundantly for various purposes among the public, this danger is aso valid for this thyme species. However, if we take plants into culture by preserving their biological activity characteristics, we can prevent them from extinction. In this context, antiproliferative, cell cycle blocking and apoptotic effects and the mechanisms of apoptotic action of essential oils from the wild and cultured forms of O. acutidens, an endemic thyme species in Turkey, have been demonstrated in A-431 cells. The effects of essential oils on the G1 phase were revealed by determining changes in the mRNA expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, and cyclin E. Effects of essential oils on the S phase was revealed by determining changes in cyclin A expression and the effects of essential oils on G2 and M phases were revealed by determining changes in cyclin B expression. In order to study the apoptotic effect and mechanism of action, in addition to determining changes in the activity of caspase 3/7 activated in apoptosis, Bax (a pro-apoptotic gene) and Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptotic gene) mRNA ratio (Bax/Bcl-2) has also been estimated. It was found that essential oils of both wild and cultured forms of O. acutidens had cytotoxic effect on A-431 cells and produced this effect via apoptotic mechanisms. Thus, O. acutidens essential oils may be a hope in the future for epidermoid cancer patients who were treated with conventional chemotherapy drugs but did not achieve the desired success.

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBÝTAK), (218Z069) for financial support of this work. The author would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Aysun Ozkan and Dr. Canan Dulgeroglu for benefiting from their experience in this study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest.

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  1. Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya, Antalya, Turkey

    Ayse Gokhan

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  1. Ayse Gokhan
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Correspondence to Ayse Gokhan.

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Gokhan, A. Investigation of the Apoptotic and Membrane Effects of Essential Oils Obtained from Wild and Cultured Forms of Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietswaart on Epidermoid Cancer (A-431) Cells. Pharm Chem J 56, 85–93 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11094-022-02603-4

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