Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Contribution of OFDM modulation to improve the performance of non-coherent OCDMA system based on a new variable weight zero cross correlation code

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study aims at proposing a new model of non-coherent spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) systems merged with adaptive orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation based on variable weight zero cross-correlation (VWZCC) code in order to improve quantitative parameters such as the number of simultaneous users, effective power, channel capacity, spectral occupancy, quality of service, and remove the effect of multi-access interference (MAI) and phase induced intensity (PIIN) noise. Furthermore, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) expression is derived, as well as, according to the expression of SNR, numerical results are performed in terms of bit error rate and quality factor as a function of various parameters. The results obtained showed that the proposed hybrid (SAC OCDMA/OFDM-VWZCC) system using the single photo-detector (SPD) technique is outperformed compared to OCDMA/OFDM system based on modified double weight (MDW), flexible cross-correlation (FCC), shift zero cross-correlation (shift-ZCC), and multi diagonal (MD) codes; it has saved an effective power of about − 6 dBm, − 4 dBm, − 3 dBm, and − 2 dBm respectively, as well as saving an effective power of approximately − 23 dBm, − 18 dBm, and − 17 dBm compared to conventional OCDMA-MDW, OCDMA-FCC, and OCDMA-VWZCC systems. In addition, the simultaneous capacity of our system is increased by 11 times compared to the OCDMA-VWZCC system, and 27.5 times and 22 times compared to conventional OCDMA-MDW and OCDMA-FCC systems respectively. Moreover, the system capacity is improved 1.28 times, 1.09 times, 1.07 times, and 1.04 times compared to hybrid systems using MDW, FCC, shift-ZCC, and MD codes; besides that, the cardinality is improved 29.41%, and 10 compared to a hybrid system which uses the MDW and FCC codes, as well, 7.84%, and 4.76% compared to a hybrid system using shift-ZCC and MD code. In addition to that, our system is also simulated using Optisystem software, where the results show that the suggested OCDMA/OFDM-VWZCC system reduces network complexity to 50% and gives better performance in terms of bit error rate (BER) and Q factor where it can transmit at a distance of more than 20 km with a BER and Q factor equal to \(1.38\times 10^{-27}\) and 10.81 respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abd, T.H., Aljunid, S.A., Fadhil, H.A., Ahmad, R.A., Saad, N.M.: Development of a new code family based on SAC-OCDMA system with large cardinality for OCDMA network. Opt. Fiber Technol. 17, 273–280 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2011.04.002

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Alayedi, M., Cherifi, A., Hamida, A.F., Rahmani, M., Attalah, Y., Bouazza, B.S.: Design improvement to reduce noise effect in CDMA multiple access optical systems based on new (2-D) code using spectral/spatial half-matrix technique. J. Opt. Commun. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2020-0069

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alayedi, M., Cherifi, A., Hamida, A.F., Bouazza, B.S., Aljunid, S.A.: Performance improvement of optical multiple access CDMA network using a new three-dimensional (spectral/time/spatial) code. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 118, 2675–2698 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08149-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aldhaibani, A.O., Aljunid, S.A., Anuar, M.S., Arief, A.R., Rashidi, C.B.M.: Development of OCDMA system based on flexible cross correlation (FCC) code with OFDM modulation. Opt. Fiber Technol. 22, 7–12 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2014.11.012

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Aldhaibani, A.O., Rahman, T.A., Aljunid, S.A., Hindia, M.N., Hanafi, E.B.: A new model to enhance the QoS of spectral amplitude coding-optical code division multiple access system with OFDM technique. Opt. Quantum Electron. 48, 481 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0750-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aljunid, S.A., Ismail, M., Ramli, A.R., Ali, B.M., Abdullah, M.K.: A new family of optical code sequences for spectral-amplitude-coding optical CDMA systems. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 16, 2383–2385 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2004.833859

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong, J.: OFDM for optical communications. J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 189–204 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2008.2010061

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cherifi, A., Yagoubi, B., Bouazza, B., Dahman, A.: New method for the construction of optical zero cross correlation code using block matrices in OCDMA-OFDM systemn code using blocks matrices in OCDMA-OFDM system. J. Telecommun. Electron. Comput. Eng. (JTEC) 8, 33–39 (2016)

  • Cherifi, A., Bouazza, B.S., Al-ayedi, M., Aljunid, S.A., Rashidi, C.B.M.: Development and performance improvement of a new two-dimensional spectral/spatial code using the pascal triangle rule for OCDMA system. J. Opt. Commun. 42, 149–158 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2018-0052

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cherifi, A., Jellali, N., Najjar, M., Aljunid, S.A., Bouazza, B.S.: Development of a novel two-dimensional-SWZCC—code for spectral/spatial optical CDMA system. Opt. Laser Technol. 109, 233–240 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2018.07.078

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cherifi, A., Mrabet, H., Bouazza, B.S., Aljunid, S.A.: Performance enhancement of multiple access 3D-OCDMA networks using a pascal triangle codes. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52, 131 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-2246-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghafouri-Shiraz, H., Karbassian, M.M.: Optical CDMA Networks: Principles, Analysis and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2012)

  • Jellali, N., Moez, F., Najjar, M.: Performance enhancement of OCDMA system based on 3D-multi-diagonal codes. In: 2017a 13th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), pp. 2105–2108. IEEE, Valencia (2017a)

  • Jellali, N., Najjar, M., Ferchichi, M., Rezig, H.: Development of new two-dimensional spectral/spatial code based on dynamic cyclic shift code for OCDMA system. Opt. Fiber Technol. 36, 26–32 (2017b). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2017.02.002

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kadhim, R.A., Fadhil, H.A., Aljunid, S.A., Razalli, M.S.: A new two dimensional spectral/spatial multi-diagonal code for noncoherent optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems. Opt. Commun. 329, 28–33 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2014.04.082

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumari, M., Sharma, R., Sheetal, A.: Performance analysis of high speed backward compatible TWDM-PON with hybrid WDM–OCDMA PON using different OCDMA codes. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52, 482 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02597-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumari, M., Sheetal, A., Sharma, R.: Performance analysis of symmetrical and bidirectional 40 Gbps TWDM-PON employing m-QAM-OFDM modulation with multi-color LDs based VLC system. Opt. Quantum Electron. 53, 455 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03108-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meftah, K., Cherifi, A., Dahani, A., Alayedi, M., Mrabet, H.: A performance investigation of SAC-OCDMA system based on a spectral efficient 2D cyclic shift code for next generation passive optical network. Opt. Quantum Electron. 53, 569 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03073-w

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mrabet, H., Cherifi, A., Raddo, T., Dayoub, I., Haxha, S.: A comparative study of asynchronous and synchronous OCDMA systems. IEEE Syst. J. (2020)

  • Najjar, M., Jellali, N., Ferchichi, M., Rezig, H.: Spectral/spatial optical CDMA code based on diagonal eigenvalue unity. Opt. Fiber Technol. 38, 61–69 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2017.08.003

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Panda, S.: Effect of SHIFTZCC codes for optical CDMA system. World Sci. News 2, 365–389 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Prucnal, P.R. (ed.): Optical Code Division Multiple Access: Fundamentals and Applications. CRC Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rashidi, C.B.M., Aljunid, S.A., Ghani, F., Fadhil, H.A., Anuar, M.S.: New design of flexible cross correlation (FCC) code for SAC-OCDMA system. Proc. Eng. 53, 420–427 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.02.055

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rohling, H.: OFDM: Concepts for Future Communication Systems. Springer, Berlin (2011)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sahbudin, R.K.Z., Abdullah, M.K., Mokhtar, M.: Performance improvement of hybrid subcarrier multiplexing optical spectrum code division multiplexing system using spectral direct decoding detection technique. Opt. Fiber Technol. 15, 266–273 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2008.12.003

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarangal, H., Singh, A., Malhotra, J., Thapar, S.S.: Performance investigation of PM-ZCC Code in hybrid SAC-OCDMA system through inter-satellite OWC channel. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 120, 3329–3341 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08616-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, H., Richardson, D.J.: Optical code division multiple access communication networks. chap. 1, 36–37 (2008)

  • Yousif, B., Metwally, I.E., Samra, A.S.: A modified topology achieved in OFDM/SAC-OCDMA-based multi-diagonal code for enhancing spectral efficiency. Photonic Netw. Commun. 37, 90–99 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-018-0796-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Information and Telecommunications Processing Laboratory (LTIT), Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, TAHRI Mohamed University of Bechar, Béchar, Algeria

    Mohamed Rahmani

  2. Laboratory of Technology of Communications (LTC), Electronics Department, Dr. Moulay Tahar University of Saida, Saida, Algeria

    Abdelhamid Cherifi & Boubakar S. Bouazza

  3. Department of Material Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, TAHRI Mohamed University of Bechar, Béchar, Algeria

    Ghoutia N. Sabri

  4. College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait

    Abdullah Karar

Authors
  1. Mohamed Rahmani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abdelhamid Cherifi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ghoutia N. Sabri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Boubakar S. Bouazza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Abdullah Karar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abdelhamid Cherifi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have not disclosed any conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rahmani, M., Cherifi, A., Sabri, G.N. et al. Contribution of OFDM modulation to improve the performance of non-coherent OCDMA system based on a new variable weight zero cross correlation code. Opt Quant Electron 54, 576 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-03949-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-03949-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation