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How to wake up the electric synapse coupling between neurons?

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Abstract

Both electric and chemical synapses play an important role in receiving and propagating signals, and thus an isolated neuron and neurons in networks can be activated to trigger appropriate firing modes. The synaptic plasticity enables adaptive regulation in the channel current along the synapse connection, and the intrinsic field energy in the media is pumped to keep possible balance between neurons. The Hamilton energy function in biophysical neurons addressed its dependence of energy on firing modes, and the same energy in neurons seldom indicates complete synchronization because the energy function is often composed of more than two variables in the neuron models. In this paper, we claim that the creation and waking up of synapses connection result from the diversity in field energy of neurons. From physical viewpoint, each neuron can be considered as a complex charged body and any external stimulus will change the distribution of field energy. For two and more neurons, the external stimulus-induced fluctuation in field energy will activate the synapses of neurons, and more synaptic connections will be enhanced for keeping energy balance. That is, the coupling intensity via synapse connection to neurons will be regulated in a possible way. In this work, two simple neural circuits are mapped into feasible neuron models for investigating the energy pumping and propagation by adjusting the intensity along the coupling channel until energy balance is approached. Furthermore, a similar case is explored in a chain network, and it is found that continuous energy pumping to the adjacent neurons will build up a network connected by synapses. These results clarify that synapses connection is activated between neurons because of gradient diversity in field energy in neurons and networks, and then synapse connections are waken up effectively when field energy is propagated to and received by adjacent neurons. That is, synapse connections are formed and waken when gradient field energy is shared by more neurons. The main contribution of this work is that a reliable criterion is suggested to explain how energy diversity controls the creation of synapse and the enhancement of synapse connection to neurons. That is, the biophysical mechanism of synaptic connection is controlled by the energy diversity between neurons, and the synapse coupling will terminate its increase in the coupling intensity until reaching energy balance between neurons even in neural network.

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Acknowledgements

This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 12062009 and 12072139.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 430065, China

    Ping Zhou & Jun Ma

  2. Department of Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China

    Xiufang Zhang & Jun Ma

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  1. Ping Zhou
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Correspondence to Jun Ma.

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Zhou, P., Zhang, X. & Ma, J. How to wake up the electric synapse coupling between neurons?. Nonlinear Dyn 108, 1681–1695 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-022-07282-0

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