Abstract
Assessment of embedding ZnO nanorods in a composite beam on the nonlinear response of a beam–mass system is performed. Structural and mechanical characterization of two configured composite beam–mass systems with and without embedded nanorods is conducted. The nanorods were grown on the surface of the carbon fibers by chemical and hydrothermal techniques to form an interface boundary layer between the rods and the fiber/epoxy matrix. Parameters including stiffness, modulus of elasticity, natural frequency, damping coefficient and effective nonlinearities of the two composite beam–mass systems are identified. For the nonlinear parameter identification, the beams were excited parametrically. The results show that embedding ZnO increases the linear damping and modulus of elasticity. The effects of these variations and roles of other identified parameters that impact the parametric response are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Masghouni, N., Al-Haik, M.: Vibration damping enhancement of fiber reinforced polymer composites with surface grown zinc oxide nanorods. In: ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp. V009T10A037–V009T10A037 (2013)
Skandani, A. A., Masghouni, N., Al-Haik, M.: Superior damping of hybrid carbon fiber composites grafted by ZnO nanorods. In: Topics in Modal Analysis, vol. 7. Springer, pp. 187–193 (2014)
Galan, U., Lin, Y., Ehlert, G.J., Sodano, H.A.: Effect of ZnO nanowire morphology on the interfacial strength of nanowire coated carbon fibers. Compos. Sci. Technol. 71(7), 946–954 (2011)
Masghouni, N., Al-Haik, M.: Quasistatic and dynamic mechanical characterization of a woven carbon fiber-zinc oxide nanowires-epoxy composite. Polym. Compos. 36(12), 2184–2192 (2015)
Sun, L., Gibson, R.F., Gordaninejad, F., Suhr, J.: Energy absorption capability of nanocomposites: a review. Compos. Sci. Technol. 69(14), 2392–2409 (2009)
Zhou, X., Shin, E., Wang, K., Bakis, C.: Interfacial damping characteristics of carbon nanotube-based composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 64(15), 2425–2437 (2004)
Skandani, A.A., Masghouni, N., Case, S., Leo, D., Al-Haik, M.: Enhanced vibration damping of carbon fibers-ZnO nanorods hybrid composites. Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(7), 073111 (2012)
Tehrani, M., Boroujeni, A., Hartman, T., Haugh, T., Case, S., Al-Haik, M.: Mechanical characterization and impact damage assessment of a woven carbon fiber reinforced carbon nanotube-epoxy composite. Compos. Sci. Technol. 75, 42–48 (2013)
Tehrani, M., Safdari, M., Boroujeni, A., Razavi, Z., Case, S., Dahmen, K., Garmestani, H., Al-Haik, M.: Hybrid carbon fiber/carbon nanotube composites for structural damping applications. Nanotechnology 24(15), 155704 (2013)
Hajj, M., Fung, J., Nayfeh, A., Fahey, S.: Damping identification using perturbation techniques and higher-order spectra. Nonlinear Dyn. 23(2), 189–203 (2000)
Zavodney, L., Nayfeh, A.: The non-linear response of a slender beam carrying a lumped mass to a principal parametric excitation: theory and experiment. Int. J. Non Linear Mech. 24(2), 105–125 (1989)
Bordonaro, G.G.: Nonlinear system identification of physical parameters for damage prognosis and localization in structures (2009)
Silva, D.G., Varoto, P.S.: Effects of variations in nonlinear damping coefficients on the parametric vibration of a cantilever beam with a lumped mass. Math. Probl. Eng. 2008, 185351 (2008). doi:10.1155/2008/185351
Nayfeh, A.H.: Introduction to Perturbation Techniques. Wiley, New York (2011)
Hajj, M., Miksad, R., Powers, E.: Fundamental-subharmonic interaction: effect of phase relation. J. Fluid Mech. 256, 403–426 (1993)
Hajj, M., Janajreh, I.: Spectral energy transfer in transition of plane wake. J. Eng. Mech. 123(8), 837–842 (1997)
Lang*, Z., Billings, S.: Energy transfer properties of non-linear systems in the frequency domain. Int. J. Control 78(5), 345–362 (2005)
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation under Grant Number CMMI 1200506.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Al-Haik, M.Y., Boroujeni, A.Y., Zakaria, M.Y. et al. Effect of embedding ZnO nanorods on nonlinear response of composite beams. Nonlinear Dyn 90, 1179–1189 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-017-3719-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-017-3719-3