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Coseismic deformation of the 19 August 2018 Mw 7.2 Lombok earthquakes, Indonesia, estimated through InSAR and GPS observations

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Abstract

This study investigates the distribution of coseismic slip of the 19th August 2018 Mw 7.2 Lombok earthquakes, Indonesia, using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Global Positioning System (GPS) data. Two look directions on ascending, with a maximum displacement of 27 cm and 35 cm, and one on descending of Sentinel-1 SAR data, with a maximum displacement of 12 cm, are used. In addition, static offsets from the GPS data, which are located at the most western part of the island and the northern part of the island, detect ~ 2 cm and ~ 5 cm coseismic displacement due to the earthquake. Using combined InSAR and GPS data, this study estimates the fault location, fault geometry and the coseismic slip distribution by a joint inversion using a trans-dimensional Bayesian method. This method solves for the contiguous area of the fault that is allowed to slip in the inversion whilst also solving for the magnitude. This dampens the spurious smoothing that can occur in distributed slip solutions, in particular with far-field geodetic data or deep sources. The maximum slip of ~ 3.5 m is located at deeper portion of the fault at ~ 21 km, adjacent to the epicenter of the earthquake. This study demonstrates that the coseismic slip of the 19th August 2018 earthquakes occurred on a structure further south towards Lombok, a parallel fault structure with Flores back arc thrust.

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Acknowledgements

We thank three anonymous reviewers and Editor-in-Chief, Francesco Comiti, for their critical comments and constructive suggestions, which help improve the quality of this manuscript. slipBERI, the distributed slip inversion software is available from https://github.com/ruthamey. This research is partially supported by the PPMI of Global Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, the 2019 TORAY Science and Technology Research Grant, the 2020 AAUI-MAIPARK Research Grant; JE is supported by the UK National Environmental Research Council’s Looking Inside the Continents from Space (LiCS) Grant (NE/K011006/1) and the Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET, http://comet.nerc.ac.uk). RA is supported by the Royal Society GCRF Challenge Grant (CHG\R1\170038) and the NERC Innovation award (Grant Number NE/S013911/1). EH is supported by the BGS International NC programme ‘Geoscience to tackle Global Environmental Challenges’, NE/X006255/1. EH publishes with permission from the Director of the British Geological Survey. Sentinel-1 radar images were obtained from ESA and this work contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2015–2016. JRE is supported by a Royal Society University Research fellowship (UF150282). Some figures were generated using GMT software (Wessel and Smith 1998).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Global Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia

    Endra Gunawan, Sri Widiyantoro & Nanang T. Puspito

  2. COMET, Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Ruth Amey & John Elliott

  3. Research Center for Geological Disaster, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, Indonesia

    Nuraini Rahma Hanifa

  4. Physic Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia

    Syamsuddin

  5. Faculty of Engineering, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, Indonesia

    Sri Widiyantoro

  6. British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK

    Ekbal Hussain

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  1. Endra Gunawan
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  2. Ruth Amey
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  3. John Elliott
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  4. Sri Widiyantoro
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  6. Nuraini Rahma Hanifa
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  7. Syamsuddin
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  8. Ekbal Hussain
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Correspondence to Endra Gunawan.

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Gunawan, E., Amey, R., Elliott, J. et al. Coseismic deformation of the 19 August 2018 Mw 7.2 Lombok earthquakes, Indonesia, estimated through InSAR and GPS observations. Nat Hazards 119, 545–558 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-06142-3

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