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Antioxidant Effect of Hydroxytyrosol, Hydroxytyrosol Acetate and Nitrohydroxytyrosol in a Rat MPP+ Model of Parkinson’s Disease

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Abstract

3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl ethanol, known as hydroxytyrosol (HTy), is a phenylpropanoid found in diverse vegetable species. Several studies have demonstrated that HTy is a potent antioxidant. Thus, our study is aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of HTy and its derivatives, hydroxytyrosol acetate (HTyA) and nitrohydroxytyrosol (HTyN), in a model of oxidative stress induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in rats. Rats were administered intravenously (i.v.) in the tail with 1 mL saline solution or polyphenol compound (1.5 mg/kg) 5 min before intrastriatal infusion of 10 µg MPP+/8 µL. We found that rats injured with MPP+, pretreatment with HTy, HTyA or HTyN significantly decreased ipsilateral turns. This result was consistent with a significant preservation of striatal dopamine levels and decreased lipid fluorescence products (LFP), a marker of oxidative stress. Brain GSH/GSSG ratio, from rats pretreated with HTy or HTyN showed a significant preservation of that marker, decreased as a consequence of MPP+-induced oxidative damage. These results show an antioxidant effect of HTy, HTyA and HTyN in the MPP+ model of Parkinson’s disease in the rat.

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Data Availability

All data generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.

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Codes related to the study are available from the corresponding author by request.

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Acknowledgements

This project was supported partially by CONACYT 840801. Pérez-Barrón is grateful to CONACYT (349836), to “Programa de Doctorado en Farmacia (UAEM) y CONACYT-MORELOS” (FOMIX 2013-1 # 224038) and to “Programa de Becas mixtas para becarios CONACYT nacionales: BECAS MIXTAS 2014—MZO2015 MOVILIDAD EN EL EXTRANJERO” (290842) for the scholarship Grants.

Funding

This project was supported partially by CONACYT and FORDECYT-PRONACES 840801. The funding agencies had no role in the design and conduct of the study; in analysis, and interpretation of the data; or in the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Neuroprotección, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Col. Chamilpa, CP: 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

    Gabriela Pérez-Barrón, Yoshajandith Aguirre-Vidal & Antonio Monroy-Noyola

  2. Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, M.V.S., Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Sergio Montes & Camilo Ríos

  3. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain

    Marti Santiago

  4. Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain

    Elena Gallardo & José Luis Espartero

Authors
  1. Gabriela Pérez-Barrón
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  2. Sergio Montes
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  3. Yoshajandith Aguirre-Vidal
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  4. Marti Santiago
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  5. Elena Gallardo
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  6. José Luis Espartero
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  7. Camilo Ríos
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  8. Antonio Monroy-Noyola
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Contributions

GP development the methodology, formal analysis, investigation and writing-original. AM and CR participated in conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, resources, project administration, writing review and editing. SM, MS and JLE participated in supervision, conceptualization, resources, writing review and editing. YA and EG participated in methodology.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio Monroy-Noyola.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Ethical Approval

The experimental protocol was established, according with the ethical principles and regulations specified by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery and the standards of the National Institutes of Health of Mexico.

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Pérez-Barrón, G., Montes, S., Aguirre-Vidal, Y. et al. Antioxidant Effect of Hydroxytyrosol, Hydroxytyrosol Acetate and Nitrohydroxytyrosol in a Rat MPP+ Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Neurochem Res 46, 2923–2935 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-021-03379-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-021-03379-x

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