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The Lithospheric Thermal Structure in the Songliao Basin Inferred from Thermal Parameter Analyses: Implications for the Background of Geothermal Resources

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Abstract

The lithospheric thermal structure (LTS) not only reflects the thermal state of the Earth's interior but also controls the formation and distribution of geothermal resources. However, related research in the Songliao Basin (SB) has focused mainly on the northern or southern parts of the basin, with limited basin-scale thermal state studies. Thus, we combined published heat flow (HF) data and thermal parameters from the northern SB with new thermal information from the southern SB to study the LTS of the entire basin. The results show that the SB has a terrestrial HF (q0) of 73.89 ± 14.25 mW m−2, a temperature gradient of 41.41 ± 8.0 °C km−1, a mantle HF (qm) of 57.49 mW/m2, a crustal HF (qc) of 16.40 mW/m2, and a qm/q0 value of > 0.5, all of which indicate a typical configuration involving a hot mantle and a cold crust and high geothermal background in the SB. In addition, the thinned “thermal” lithospheric thickness in the SB is only 56.16 km. We correlate these characteristics with the westward subduction of the Pacific plate. From the proximal Kuril Trench to the distal Inner Mongolia Plateau in the subduction-influenced region, q0 generally decreases, qc increases, qm decreases, and the qm/q0 ratio gradually decreases. Thus, the present LTS in the SB might be controlled by the moderate distance of the SB from the subduction zone. Furthermore, in terms of geothermal resources in the SB, in addition to the high qm, which acts as the principal systematic heat source, deep hot partial melts act as direct heat sources and might also be controlled by the moderate distance from the subduction zone. Our results provide new insights into the relationship between the LTS and geothermal resources in similar regions.

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Acknowledgments

The authors also would like to acknowledge PetroChina Jilin Oilfield Company for providing the core samples. Figures 1 and 9 were plotted using GMT 6 (Wessel et al., 2019). Table 2 and 6 applied the data of CRUST1.0 model (Laske et al., 2013). This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (no. 42002153), Jilin Province People’s Government Department of Education (no. JJKH20211111KJ), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (no. 2021M691193), China Petroleum Science and Technology Innovation Foundation (2020D-5007-0102), Selected Youth Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (YQ2020D001), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and Specialized Research Funds for Yibin University City and Science and Technology Innovation City Schools (YBSCXY2023020015).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, China

    Dai Dengliang, Zhao Rongsheng & Shan Xuanlong

  2. Institute of Geological Survey of Jilin, Changchun, 130061, Jilin Province, China

    Dai Dengliang

  3. PetroChina Jilin Oilfield Company, Songyuan, 138000, Jilin Province, China

    Hu Jia

  4. Institute of Geological Sciences of Jilin, Changchun, 130061, Jilin Province, China

    Liu Zhe

  5. PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Bayin’guoleng Mongol Autonomous Prefecture 841000, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region, China

    Wang Peng

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Table 7 TG and HF sites in the SB
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7.

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Dengliang, D., Rongsheng, Z., Jia, H. et al. The Lithospheric Thermal Structure in the Songliao Basin Inferred from Thermal Parameter Analyses: Implications for the Background of Geothermal Resources. Nat Resour Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-023-10303-3

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