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Evolution Mechanism of Pore Structures of Organic-Rich Shale Under Tectonic Deformation: A Comparative Study Between Whole Rock and Kerogen Samples

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Abstract

Under tectonic stresses, shale in different stress–strain environments will undergo structural deformation of varying mechanisms and intensities, forming various types of tectonically deformed shales (TDSs). By changing pore structures, structural deformation significantly influences shale’s reservoir properties and then the resource potentials. This paper aims to reveal the evolution rules and mechanisms of micro- and mesopore structures of various TDSs. We first propose a TDS classification scheme according to the differences in deformation features and deformation mechanisms. Then, N2 and CO2 adsorption tests were conducted on the whole rock and kerogen samples of various TDSs to reveal the pore structure evolutions of shale during structural deformations and investigate the contributions of organic pore changes. Finally, we studied the mineral composition differences between various TDSs and their effects on the evolutions of shale’s micro- and mesopores. Results showed that compared with undeformed shale, weakly brittle deformed shale (BDS) experienced a significant reduction in micro- and mesopores, mainly resulting from the decrease of organic matter content caused by the development of tectonic fractures and the filling of hydrothermal minerals. In strongly BDSs, there was a noticeable decrease in micro- and mesopores from undeformed shale as well. Apart from the negative effects of increasing carbonate minerals, the increased clay minerals also caused a decrease in kerogen content and organic pores. The limited increases of pores from weakly BDSs to strongly BDSs is mainly due to the emerged interparticle pores during shale fragmentation. Ductile deformed shale showed a significant decrease in micro- and mesopores; the collapse of organic pores is the dominant mechanism, with the mixing of clay minerals being an important reason as well. As for the brittle–ductile deformed shale, the evolution of micro- and mesopores is the result of the increase of carbonate minerals and the compression of kerogen.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.: BK20231083), Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Reservoir Formation Process of the Ministry of Education (China University of Mining and Technology) (Grant No.: 2022-008), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.: 2023QN1023).

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  1. Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resource & Reservoir Formation Process, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Guoxi Cheng, Bo Jiang, Ming Li & Caifang Wu

  2. School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Guoxi Cheng, Bo Jiang, Ming Li & Caifang Wu

  3. School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234099, China

    Fengli Li

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Cheng, G., Jiang, B., Li, F. et al. Evolution Mechanism of Pore Structures of Organic-Rich Shale Under Tectonic Deformation: A Comparative Study Between Whole Rock and Kerogen Samples. Nat Resour Res 33, 263–297 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-023-10283-4

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