Abstract
The failure characteristics and mechanism of coal under dynamic and static loading are a basic problem for studying the mechanism of rock burst. It is also a basic research problem to solve the protection of deep underground engineering. By using the split Hopkinson bar system, the mechanical behavior and energy change of coal were analyzed. The law of stress and energy evolution during coal sample failure were analyzed. Combined with a high-speed camera, the analysis of a coal sample after failure showed that, in the process of dynamic loading, it produced cracks along its axial direction. The critical strain rate in the dynamic damage process of coal samples was also analyzed, and the damage degree of coal samples intensified gradually within a certain range of strain rate. Finally, a dynamic mechanical constitutive model was established by considering the influence of strain rate, and the damage changes of coal samples were analyzed. The research results provide a reference basis for further revealing the mechanism of rock burst and preventing coal rock dynamic disaster.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ai, D. H., Zhao, Y. C., Wang, Q. F., & Li, C. W. (2019). Experimental and numerical investigation of crack propagation and dynamic properties of rock in SHPB indirect tension test. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 126, 135–146.
Amstutz, S., Novotny, A. A., & Neto, E. A. D. (2012). Topological derivative-based topology optimization of structures subject to Drucker-Prager stress constraints. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 233, 123–136.
Ding, Z., Feng, X. J., Wang, E. Y., Wei, Q. L., Zhao, X., & Hu, Q. J. (2023). Acoustic emission response and evolution of precracked coal in the meta-instability stage under graded loading. Engineering Geology, 312, 106930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2022.106930
Fairhurst, C. (2017). Some challenges of deep mining. Engineering, 3(4), 527–537.
Feng, J. J., Wang, E. Y., Chen, X., & Ding, H. C. (2018). Energy dissipation rate: An indicator of coal deformation and failure under static and dynamic compressive loads. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 28(3), 397–406.
Feng, J. J., Wang, E. Y., Huang, Q. S., Ding, H. C., & Zhang, X. Y. (2020). Experimental and numerical study of failure behavior and mechanism of coal under dynamic compressive loads. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 30(5), 613–621.
Feng, J. J., Wang, E. Y., Shen, R. X., Chen, L., Li, X. L., & Xu, Z. Y. (2016). Investigation on energy dissipation and its mechanism of coal under dynamic loads. Geomechanics and Engineering, 11(5), 657–670.
Feng, X. J., Ding, Z., Ju, Y. Q., Zhang, Q. M., & Ali, M. (2022). “Double peak” of dynamic strengths and acoustic emission responses of coal masses under dynamic loading. Natural Resources Research, 31(3), 1705–1720.
Gu, Z. J., Shen, R. X., Liu, Z. T., Zhao, E. L., Chen, H. L., Yuan, Z. C., & Tian, J. W. (2023). Dynamic characteristics of coal under triaxial constraints based on the split-hopkinson pressure bar test system. Natural Resources Research, 32(2), 587–601.
Hao, X. J., Du, W. S., Zhao, Y. X., Sun, Z. W., Zhang, Q., Wang, S. H., & Qiao, H. Q. (2020). Dynamic tensile behaviour and crack propagation of coal under coupled static-dynamic loading. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 30(5), 659–668.
Ju, Y., Sudak, L., & Xie, H. P. (2007). Study on stress wave propagation in fractured rocks with fractal joint surfaces. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 44(13), 4256–4271.
Kaiser, P. K., & Kim, B. H. (2015). Characterization of strength of intact brittle rock considering confinement-dependent failure processes. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 48(1), 107–119.
Kong, X. G., He, D., Liu, X. F., Wang, E. Y., Li, S. G., Liu, T., & Yang, S. R. (2022). Strain characteristics and energy dissipation laws of gas-bearing coal during impact fracture process. Energy, 242, 123028.
Kong, X. G., Li, S. G., Wang, E. Y., Ji, P. F., Wang, X., Shuang, H. Q., & Zhou, Y. X. (2021). Dynamics behaviour of gas-bearing coal subjected to SHPB tests. Composite Structures, 256, 113088.
Li, C. J., Xu, Y., Chen, P. Y., Li, H. L., & Lou, P. J. (2020a). Dynamic mechanical properties and fragment fractal characteristics of fractured coal-rock-like combined bodies in split hopkinson pressure bar tests. Natural Resources Research, 29(5), 3179–3195.
Li, H. R., Qiao, Y. F., He, M. C., Shen, R. X., Gu, Z. J., Cheng, T., & Tang, J. (2023b). Effect of water saturation on dynamic behavior of sandstone after wetting-drying cycles. Engineering Geology, 319, 107105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2023.107105
Li, M. M., Liang, W. M., & Yue, G. W. (2020b). Fractal and pore structure analysis of structural anisotropic coal under different impact loads. Environmental Earth Sciences, 79(13), 323.
Li, X. B., Gu, H. L., Tao, M., Peng, K., Cao, W. Z., & Li, Q. Y. (2021b). Failure characteristics and meso-deterioration mechanism of pre-stressed coal subjected to different dynamic loads. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 115, 103061.
Li, X. L., Liu, Z. T., Feng, X. J., Zhang, H. J., & Feng, J. J. (2021a). Effects of acid sulfate and chloride ion on the pore structure and mechanical properties of sandstone under dynamic loading. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 54(12), 6105–6121.
Li, X., Liu, Z., Zhao, E., Liu, Y., Feng, X., & Gu, Z. (2023a). Experimental study on the damage evolution behavior of coal under dynamic Brazilian splitting tests based on the split Hopkinson pressure bar and the digital image correlation. Natural Resources Research, 32(3), 1435–1457.
Li, X. B., Wang, S. M., Weng, L., Huang, L. Q., Zhou, T., & Zhou, J. (2015). Damage constitutive model of different age concretes under impact load. Journal of Central South University, 22(2), 693–700.
Li, X. B., Zhou, Z. L., Lok, T. S., Hong, L., & Yin, T. B. (2008). Innovative testing technique of rock subjected to coupled static and dynamic loads. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 45(5), 739–748.
Liu, X. H., Dai, F., Zhang, R., & Liu, J. F. (2015). Static and dynamic uniaxial compression tests on coal rock considering the bedding directivity. Environmental Earth Sciences, 73(10), 5933–5949.
Liu, Y. B., Yin, G. Z., Li, M. H., Zhang, D. M., Deng, B. Z., Liu, C., & Lu, J. (2019). Anisotropic mechanical properties and the permeability evolution of cubic coal under true triaxial stress paths. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 52(8), 2505–2521.
Lu, W. B., Zhu, Z. D., He, Y. X., & Que, X. C. (2021). Strength characteristics and failure mechanism of a columnar jointed rock mass under uniaxial, triaxial, and true triaxial confinement. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 54(5), 2425–2439.
Ma, S. S., Chen, W. Z., & Zhao, W. S. (2021). Effects of axial static stress and confining pressure on the dynamic compressive behaviours of granite. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 25(5), 795–812.
Peng, R. D., Ju, Y., Wang, J. G., Xie, H. P., Gao, F., & Mao, L. T. (2015). Energy dissipation and release during coal failure under conventional triaxial compression. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 48(2), 509–526.
Shan, R. L., Song, Y. W., Song, L. W., & Bai, Y. (2019). Dynamic property tests of frozen red sandstone using a split Hopkinson pressure bar. Earthquake Engineering & Engineering Vibration, 18(3), 511–519.
Shan, R. L., Song, Y. W., Song, L. W., Huang, P. C., Dai, X., & Zhou, T. (2018). Time dependent damage model of northwest artificial frozen red sandstone under dynamic loading. Journal of China Coal Society, 43(1), 118–123.
Shen, X., Shen, Y., Xu, J. H., & Liu, H. L. (2022). Influence of the fractal distribution of particle size on the critical state characteristics of calcareous sand. Fractal and Fractional, 6(3), 165.
Tan, Y. Z., Shi, X. M., Cheng, Y. H., Li, G., Yue, S. L., Wang, M. Y., & Zhou, J. W. (2022). Research on the damage evolution law and dynamic damage constitutive model of high-performance equal-sized-aggregate concrete materials. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 34(5), 04022039.
Tian, H., Li, Z. H., Yin, S., Lei, Y. Y., Niu, Y., Wang, X. Y., Zang, Z. S., & Gu, Z. J. (2023). Research on infrared radiation response and energy dissipation characteristics of sandstone crushing under impact load. Engineering Geology, 322, 107171.
Wang, P., Xu, J. Y., Liu, S. H., & Wang, H. Y. (2016). Dynamic mechanical properties and deterioration of red-sandstone subjected to repeated thermal shocks. Engineering Geology, 212, 44–52.
Wang, F., Wang, H. B., Xu, Y., Cheng, B., & Wang, Q. Q. (2021a). Analysis of energy dissipation characteristics of damaged sandstone under impact load. Shock and Vibration, 2021, 1–10.
Wang, X. R., Asem, P., Hu, C., & Labuz, J. F. (2021b). Microcracking in tensile fracture of a brittle rock. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 251, 107789.
Wang, X. R., Wang, E. Y., Liu, X. F., & Zhou, X. (2021c). Failure mechanism of fractured rock and associated acoustic behaviors under different loading rates. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 247, 107674.
Wang, D. M., Wang, E. Y., Feng, X. J., Wei, M. Y., Li, D. X., Liu, Q. L., & Zhang, X. (2022). Triaxial creep damage-catastrophe instability characteristics and a nonlinear constitutive model of gas-bearing coal. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 81(10), 437.
Xie, H. P., Gao, M. Z., Zhang, R., Peng, G. Y., Wang, W. Y., & Li, A. Q. (2019). Study on the mechanical properties and mechanical response of coal mining at 1000m or deeper. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 52(5), 1475–1490.
Xie, H. P., Li, C., He, Z. Q., Li, C. B., Lu, Y. Q., Zhang, R., & Gao, F. (2021). Experimental study on rock mechanical behavior retaining the in situ geological conditions at different depths. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 138, 104548.
Yang, Z. H., Fan, C. J., Lan, T. W., Li, S., Wang, G. F., Luo, M. K., & Zhang, H. W. (2019). Dynamic mechanical and microstructural properties of outburst-prone coal based on compressive SHPB tests. Energies, 12(22), 4236.
Yao, W., He, T. M., & Xia, K. W. (2017). Dynamic mechanical behaviors of Fangshan marble. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 9(5), 807–817.
Yin, T. B., Wang, P., Yang, J., & Li, X. B. (2018). Mechanical behaviors and damage constitutive model of thermally treated sandstone under impact loading. IEEE Access, 6, 72047–72062.
Zang, Z. S., Li, Z. H., Niu, Y., Tian, H., Zhang, X., Li, X. L., & Ali, M. (2021). Energy dissipation and electromagnetic radiation response of sandstone samples with a pre-existing crack of various inclinations under an Impact load. Minerals, 11(12), 1363.
Zhang, H. W., Wan, Z. J., Ma, D., Zhang, Y., Cheng, J. Y., & Zhang, Q. (2017). Experimental investigation on the strength and failure behavior of coal and synthetic materials under plane-strain biaxial compression. Energies, 10(4), 500.
Zhao, Y. X., Zhao, G. F., Jiang, Y. D., Elsworth, D., & Huang, Y. Q. (2014). Effects of bedding on the dynamic indirect tensile strength of coal: Laboratory experiments and numerical simulation. International Journal of Coal Geology, 132, 81–93.
Zhou, X., Liu, X. F., Wang, X. R., Liu, Y. B., Xie, H., & Du, P. F. (2023). Acoustic emission characteristics of coal failure under triaxial loading and unloading disturbance. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 56(2), 1043–1061.
Zhu, J. J., Li, X. B., Gong, F. Q., Wang, S. M., & He, W. (2012). Experimental test and damage characteristics of sandstone under uniaxial impact compressive loads. Journal of Central South University, 43(7), 2701–2707.
Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this work provided by the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX23_2843), the Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology (2023WLKXJ133), National Natural Science Foundation of China (52074276) and National project funding for Key R&D programs of China (2022YFC3004702).
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52074276), Rongxi Shen, National project funding for Key R&D programs of China (2022YFC3004702), Rongxi Shen, Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province, Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology (2023WLKXJ133) Zhoujie Gu
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Gu, Z., Shen, R., Liu, Z. et al. Strain Rate Effect and Mechanical Constitutive Model of Coal Samples Under Dynamic Load. Nat Resour Res 32, 2769–2785 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-023-10247-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-023-10247-8