Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are promising radiosensitizers for cancer therapy. While the radiosensitizing effects of Au NPs have been shown in many epithelial cancers, there are no documented cases of their use in cells of hematopoietic origin, which constitute ~ 10% of all cancer cases and are frequently treated using radiation therapy. In this work, we measure the uptake of polyethylene glycol-coated (PEGylated) Au NPs (5 nm core diameter) in HL-60 II and Jurkat D1.1 cells using flow cytometry and ICP-AES. Electronic cell counting, metabolic activity assays, and DNA synthesis assays reveal cell line–specific radiosensitization that is independent of the number of internalized nanoparticles. The high SER value for the HL-60 II cell line (1.33 at 5 Gy) points to a dominant biological mechanism.
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Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge Mike Zurawski and Tara Medich (Massachusetts General Hospital) for the assistance with irradiation experiments, Prof. Samuel Thomas for the access to dynamic light scattering instrument, and Prof. Sangeeta Bhatia and Dr. Alex Albanese (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) for the helpful conversations and advice on nanoparticle design. We thank Dr. Michael Pawlita (DFKZ German Cancer Research Center) for providing the HL-60 II cell line.
Funding
This work was supported by The National Science Foundation (CHE-1708397) and a Research Corporation for Science SEED Award granted to Prof. Charles Sykes.
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Coughlin, B.P., Lawrence, P.T., Lui, I. et al. Evidence for biological effects in the radiosensitization of leukemia cell lines by PEGylated gold nanoparticles. J Nanopart Res 22, 53 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-020-4765-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-020-4765-1