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Significant effect of advanced catalysts Co3S4 modified CuWO4·2H2O under visible light condition photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Abstract

In this experiment, Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O composite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal means. When the hydrogen production experiment lasts for 5 h, the photocatalytic H2 evolution activity of CuWO4·2H2O and Co3S4 was 118.07 μmol and 138.80 μmol respectively, which the 20% Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O composite photocatalyst was about 169 μmol and 148.92 μmol higher than the CuWO4·2H2O and Co3S4, respectively. The grain size of 20% Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O composite catalysts is 28.55–65.05 nm by Scherrer formula. The existence of elements in the 20% Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O composite catalyst and their valence state were expressed by the XPS characterization. By BET analysis, the 20% Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O composite photocatalyst had a higher pore size and pore volume, which was more conducive to the exposure of active sites. By fluorescence analysis and electrochemical characterization, Co3S4 catalyst can significantly enhance the transfer of electrons on CuWO4·2H2O, promoting the separation of photogenerated electrons and photogenerated holes. The stability test showed that the catalyst had good stability. The effects of Co3S4 to CuWO4·2H2O on the morphology, surface characteristics, the element valence, and physical properties were analyzed by SEM, XRD, XPS, and BET. When the catalyst Co3S4 was modified on the surface of CuWO4·2H2O, the 20% Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O composite catalyst had relatively high active sites, which the H2 evolution amount can reach 287.72 μmol in 5 h.

The novel 20% Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O composite sample was prepared by facile hydrothermal method. Through various characterizations and mechanisms revealed that the active site and the charge separation were obviously improved with the synergistic effect of Co3S4 and CuWO4·2H2O, which lead high photocatalytic activity and stability under visible light irradiation. The 20% Co3S4/CuWO4·2H2O will be a low cost and efficient new photocatalyst.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Key Scientific Research Projects in 2017 at North Minzu University (2017KJ19).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, 750021, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China

    Yanru Li, Ning Wang, Jing Xu, Zeying Liu & Hai Yu

  2. Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, 750021, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Xu

  3. Ningxia key laboratory of solar chemical conversion technology, 750021, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Xu

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  1. Yanru Li
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  2. Ning Wang
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  3. Jing Xu
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  4. Zeying Liu
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  5. Hai Yu
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Correspondence to Jing Xu.

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Li, Y., Wang, N., Xu, J. et al. Significant effect of advanced catalysts Co3S4 modified CuWO4·2H2O under visible light condition photocatalytic hydrogen production. J Nanopart Res 21, 80 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-019-4517-2

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