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Influence of two different template removal methods on the micromorphology, crystal structure, and photocatalytic activity of hollow CdS nanospheres

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Abstract

Hollow cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanospheres of about 260 nm average diameters and about 30 nm shell thickness can be easily synthesized via a sonochemical process, in which polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles were employed as templates. In order to remove the PS templates, both etching and calcination were applied in this paper. The influence of the two different template removal methods on the surface micromorphology, crystal structure, and photocatalytic activity of hollow CdS nanospheres was carefully performed a comparative study. Results of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, diffused reflectance spectra, and decolorization experiments showed that the different template removal methods exhibited a significant influence on the surface micromorphology, crystal structure, and photocatalytic activity of hollow CdS nanospheres. The CdS hollow nanospheres as-prepared by etching had pure cubic sphalerite structure, higher –OH content, less defects and exhibited good photocatalytic activity for rhodamine-B, Methylene Blue and methyl orange under UV–vis light irradiation. However, CdS hollow nanospheres obtained by calcination with a hexagonal crystal structure, less –OH content, more defects have shown worse photocatalytic activity. This indicated that surface micromorphology and crystalline phase were mainly factors influencing photocatalytic activity of hollow CdS nanospheres.

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Acknowledgments

This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21376268).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Han Wang, Tingting Jin, Bo Jiang, Chaosheng Zhu, Jingtang Zheng & Mingbo Wu

  2. Baotou Light Industry and Vocational Technical College, Baotou, 014045, People’s Republic of China

    Han Wang & Xiangdong Yuan

  3. Beijing ZNHK Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100080, People’s Republic of China

    Xing Zheng

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  1. Han Wang
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Correspondence to Xing Zheng or Jingtang Zheng.

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Wang, H., Jin, T., Zheng, X. et al. Influence of two different template removal methods on the micromorphology, crystal structure, and photocatalytic activity of hollow CdS nanospheres. J Nanopart Res 18, 339 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-015-3255-3

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