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Samarium oxide as a radiotracer to evaluate the in vivo biodistribution of PLGA nanoparticles

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Abstract

Developing nanoparticulate delivery systems that will allow easy movement and localization of a drug to the target tissue and provide more controlled release of the drug in vivo is a challenge in nanomedicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biodistribution of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles containing samarium-153 oxide ([153Sm]Sm2O3) in vivo to prove that orally administered nanoparticles alter the biodistribution of a drug. These were then activated in a nuclear reactor to produce radioactive 153Sm-loaded-PLGA nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized for size, zeta potential, and morphology. The nanoparticles were orally and intravenously (IV) administered to rats in order to trace their uptake through imaging and biodistribution studies. The 153Sm-loaded-PLGA nanoparticles had an average size of 281 ± 6.3 nm and a PDI average of 0.22. The zeta potential ranged between 5 and 20 mV. The [153Sm]Sm2O3 loaded PLGA nanoparticles, orally administered were distributed to most organs at low levels, indicating that there was absorption of nanoparticles. While the IV injected [153Sm]Sm2O3-loaded PLGA nanoparticles exhibited the highest localization of nanoparticles in the spleen (8.63 %ID/g) and liver (3.07 %ID/g), confirming that nanoparticles are rapidly removed from the blood by the RES, leading to rapid uptake in the liver and spleen. From the biodistribution data obtained, it is clear that polymeric nanoscale delivery systems would be suitable for improving permeability and thus the bioavailability of therapeutic compounds.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Nuclear Technologies in Medicine and the Biosciences Initiative (NTeMBI), a national technology platform developed and managed by the South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa) and funded by the Department of Science and Technology. A special thanks to Cindy Els and Delene van Wyk at the Steve Biko Academic Hospital for assisting with the scintigraphic imaging.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Polymers and Composites, CSIR, P. O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    Vusani Mandiwana & Lonji Kalombo

  2. South African Medical Research Council, Private Bag X385, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    Kobus Venter

  3. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Private Bag X169, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    Mike Sathekge

  4. DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa

    Vusani Mandiwana, Anne Grobler & Jan Rijn Zeevaart

  5. Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, P.O. Box 582, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    Jan Rijn Zeevaart

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  1. Vusani Mandiwana
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  2. Lonji Kalombo
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  3. Kobus Venter
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  4. Mike Sathekge
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  5. Anne Grobler
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  6. Jan Rijn Zeevaart
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Correspondence to Jan Rijn Zeevaart.

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Mandiwana, V., Kalombo, L., Venter, K. et al. Samarium oxide as a radiotracer to evaluate the in vivo biodistribution of PLGA nanoparticles. J Nanopart Res 17, 375 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-015-3182-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-015-3182-3

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