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Supramolecular Langmuir monolayers and multilayered vesicles of self-assembling DNA–lipid surface structures and their further implications in polyelectrolyte-based cell transfections

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Abstract

The basic interfacial characteristics of DNA–lipid recognitions have been studied. The complex structures of individual unbound DNA molecules and their binary and ternary complexes with zwitterionic lipids and divalent cations were followed by employing lipid monolayers at the air–liquid interfaces, as well as by performing various microscopic, spectroscopic, and thermodynamic measurements with multilayered vesicles. The pressure-area isotherms depicted that Mg2+-ions increase the surface pressure of lipid films and thus give rise to electrostatic and hydrophobic lipid–DNA interactions in terms of DNA adsorption, adhesion, and compaction. These features were further approached by using multilamellar vesicles with a mean diameter of 850 nm, where a metal ion-directed nucleic acid compaction and condensation effects were shown. The data obtained show the effectiveness of Langmuir monolayers and lipid multilayers in studying nucleic acid–lipid recognitions. The data provide with further details and support previous reports on mainly structural features of these recognitions. Biomolecular surface recognition events were presented in direct link with spectral and thermodynamic features of lipid vesicle–polynucleotide complex formations. The results serve to build a theoretical model considering the use of neutral lipids in lipoplex designs as a polyelectrolyte alternatives to the currently employed cytotoxic cationic liposomes. The supramolecular structures formed and their possible roles in interfacial electrostatic and hydrophobic mechanisms of endosomal escape in relevant cell transfection assays are particularly emphasized.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by The Technological and Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) in the frame of the EU-COST Project 111S495. The staffs of The Central Laboratory of Middle East Technical University and Bilkent University-UNAM are greatly acknowledged for access to instruments. We also thank Pelin Tören for technical assistance during some of the experiments, and the Dept. of Analytical Chemistry of Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy for the use of their fluorescence and Raman spectrometers. The gratitudes of E. S. go particularly to Prof. Holm Holmsen (University of Bergen, Bergen-Norway) for introducing him to the field of Langmuir–Blodgett films and lipid monolayers during their joint work on antipsychotic drug–membrane interactions.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. The Central Laboratory of The Institute of Biotechnology, Ankara University, Ankara, 06500, Turkey

      Fatma Funda Kaya Demirsoy

    2. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06330, Turkey

      Nuraniye Eruygur

    3. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06330, Turkey

      Erhan Süleymanoğlu

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    1. Fatma Funda Kaya Demirsoy
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    2. Nuraniye Eruygur
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    3. Erhan Süleymanoğlu
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    Correspondence to Erhan Süleymanoğlu.

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    Fatma Funda Kaya Demirsoy and Nuraniye Eruygur have contributed equally to this work.

    Guest Editors: Mustafa Culha, Rawil F. Fakhrullin, Ratnesh Lal

    This article is part of the topical collection on Nanobiotechnology

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    Demirsoy, F.F.K., Eruygur, N. & Süleymanoğlu, E. Supramolecular Langmuir monolayers and multilayered vesicles of self-assembling DNA–lipid surface structures and their further implications in polyelectrolyte-based cell transfections. J Nanopart Res 17, 50 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-014-2812-5

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